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ROADSIDE BITES 96! =E/ 7 "U/&ABLY 3FUS$ 0! -PLICAT$ L&-[N]%IP MO- SAIC >.D ,=KS4 ,"! 0 F$]AL P>K L& ": LO7+ 0 PROHIBIT$4 ,!N "! 0 F$]AL N,NAL =E/ L& ": X 0 ALL[$4 ,"! 0 /ATE-[N$ TIM- B]L&1 & PRIVATE TIMB]L& [N$ 0BIG CORPO- R,NS S* Z ,,ITT-,RAYONI]1 & PRIVATE PAT*ES ( T5 OR TW5TY ACRES [N$ 09DIVIDU- AL FAMILIES1 "S (! TITLES KEPT 9 FAMI- LIES S9CE HOME/1D+ "DS4 ,_M FOLKS DIDN'T "K ! DI6];E4 ,"S ?"\ ! LO7]S 7 CUTT+ D[N ! N,NAL P>K4 ,! MOTOR HOMES T TRUNDLE AL;G #AJA EA* SUMM] WD PULL (F 6! SIDE ( ^! BR[N SWAT*ES ( SLA% & DEBRIS & _! OC- CUPANTS WD SNAP PICTURES4 ,GEEZUS1 !Y'D MUTT]4 ,DOES X H 6LOOK S BAD8 ,DON'T ^! LO7]S "K :AT A R>;Y ? L& & ? =E/ IS8 ,UP AT ! ,HOH ,VISITOR'S ,C5T] RANG]S #AJE TRY+ 6GIVE NATURE TALKS ON ! RA9 B#FA =E/ 7 9T]RUPT$ 0"QS AB CLE>CUTT+4 ,P 7 UPSET4 ,Y CD HE> ! T\RI/S %AK+ _! H1DS & MUTT]+ AB X 9 ! CAMPGR.DS EA* EV5+4 ,! TIM+ (! CUT DID SEEM PECULI>1 EV5 RECK.S4 ,"S RESID5TS ( ,=KS D>KLY SUS- PECT$ 5VIRON;TAL 5?USIA/S 9 ! /ATE ,DE- "P;T ( ,NATURAL ,RES\RCES ( HAV+ PLANN$ ! CUTS DELIB]ATELY 6HEI 7 8TIMB] B1/S10 ! SLANG = "PICUL>LY PRO-LO7+ GOV- ]N;T =E/]S4 7,! ,=KS ,,DNR BOYS GOT 9 TR\# "O YE> :5 !Y PUT A FLOAT 96! T[N'S ,OLD ,FA%ION$ ,F\R? ( ,JULY P>ADE T FEA- TUR$ A SPOTT$ [L 2+ *AS$ >.D ! -------------------------------------#FB FLOAT'S P]IPH]Y 0A LO7] )A *A9SAW2 ,SE- ATTLE 5VIRON;TALI/S GOT W9D ( X & RAIS$ A /9K47 ,P]H ! ROADSIDE CLE>CUTS 7 SIM- PLY H"O/1 B !Y SEEM$ ALM DEFIANT 9 _! PROM95T UGLI;S1 Z IF 6SAY1 ,SEE1 ? IS ! R1L;Y (! MOD]N =E/4 ,SURE1 Y C #AJF DRIVE UP ! ,HOH ,RIV] ,VALLEY 96! A#FB P>K & DIP YR TOE 96T ECOLOGICAL MUSEUM1 B ? IS ! R1L;Y ( \R CIVILIZ,N4 ,"H IS ": YR HOME & FURNITURE & NEWSPAP] & TOILET PAP] -E F4 ,G AH1D1 TAKE YR SNAP%OTS4 ,!Y >E ONLY ! MIRROR ( YR [N DESIRES4 ,! CLE>CUTS 7 EV5 M FREQU5T AL;G #AJA 6! NOR? & EA/ ( ,=KS1 &! 3TRA/ )! P>K EV5 M J>R+4 ,9 ! NOR? ! CIRCUL> HIE 9CLUD$ 9 ,OLYMPIC ,N,NAL ,P>K4 ,C>V$ 0GLACI]S DUR+ ! ,ICE ,AGE1 ! LAKE IS UP 6#FJJ FEET DEEP4 ,! $GE ( X %IMM]S A CLE> AQUA :5 ! SUN %9ES1 B ! BOTTOM DROPS (F QKLY &A FEW FEET F %ORE1 ! WAT] IS AN OPAQUE1 *ILL+ BLUE4 ,UNTIL ! HIS 6SW]VE OR SLIP & 4APPE> 96XS DEP?S1 & S PRECIPIT\S 0 ! DROP-(F T ! LAKE _H A REPUT,N = N GIV+ UP XS D1D4 ,OR1 IF X DID1 A3OMPLI%+ MY/]I\S ?+S4 ,"O GRACE;L FEMALE BODY FLOAT$ 6! SUR- FACE AF YE>S 9 ! DEP?S1 PRES]V$ B D FLATS0 BACK 9 ! HI<-ROLL] "DS (! #'FJ;S & #'GJ;S :5 ! LOG TRUCKS RAN NE>LY BUMP] 6BUMP]4 ,6! EXP]I;ED EYE1 ! CLE>CUTS (F] AN ECOLOGICAL >*AEOLOGY4 ,"! >E ! FAT1 HI< /UMPS (! F/ OLD GR[? LO7$ & C>T$ \ BY RAILROAD4 ,2T !M >E ! L[] /UMPS (! SEC- OND CROP ( TREES CUT 0*A9SAW & TRUCK$ AWAY1 SIXTY 6SEV5TY YE>S LAT]4 ,& 2T ^? "! >E ! SE$L+S (A REPLANT$ ?IRD CROP4 ,! HILLS 2Y H ! FAMILI> /EPP+-/"O PATT]N ( REGR[+ TREE /&S ( V>Y+ HEIE BIG 5 N[1 "O HUNDR$ & M FEET HI<1 T _M T\RI/S ?9K ^! RELATIVELY PUNY SECOND-GR[? SPECIM5S >E ! -------------------------------------#FC OLD GR[? 5VIRON;TALI/S >E FICUT & LO7+ CAMP4 ,! HIB>A ,MOSSMAN1 B ,,ITT-,RAYONI] IS EXPECT$ 6LOG X SOON4 ,DICK A3EPTS ? PHILOSOPHIC,Y1 L A F>M] R1DY 63C$E ! H>VE/ (A FIELD ( WAV+ :1T-- EV5 ?\< HE WON'T LIVE 6SEE ! /& GR[ T HI< AG & EV5 ?\< ! LACK (A W9D BR1K W PROBABLY M1N ! LOSS (! H&;L ( 3IF]S 9 8 BACKY>D 6/ORMS4 ,6DEFLECT ! CRITICISM ( \TSID]S1 ! ,,DNR & ,,ITT-,RAYONI] H ERECT$ SIGNS 9 PLACES 6EXPLA9 :5 ! SITES 7 LO7$ & REPLANT$ & :51 9 ! TW5TY-F/ C5- TURY1 !Y W 2 LO7$ AG4 8,JOBS GR[ ) TREES10 ! ,,DNR SIGNS SAY4 ,T IS AB Z CLOSE Z ! 9DU/RY W -E TO APOLOGIZ+ =! UGLY FRONT POR* ( ,=KS4 ,! CUT PAT*ES--_M SPR\T+ 3IF]S ! SIZE ( ,*RI/MAS TREES1 ! FIRS & HEMLOCKS EX- PLOD+ UPW>D ?REE & EV5 F\R FEET A #AJI YE>--"UL9E ! PO9T T ? IS A "W+ B#FC T[N1 0GOD4 ,\TSID]S DON'T "U/&1 LOCALS SAY2 !Y DON'T GRASP H[ ? =E/ *ANGES & ROTS & REGR[S4 ,! 9EVITA# DEF5SIVE;S DRAWS ! T[N TGR B AL PRODUCES A WE>I;S1 L _WLY ADULTS HAV+ 6EXPLA9 A H>% R1L;Y 6*N4 ,B]T ,PAUL1 "O (! T[N'S TWO L1D+ GRO- C]S1 LIKES 6TAKE VISITORS UP ON ,WILL\<- BY ,RIDGE ": A /RIPLIKE CLE>CUT FOLL[S ! CRE/ = MILES NEXT 6A T;GUE ( ,OLYMPIC ,N,NAL ,P>K4 ,! CIRCUL> LOGIC ( ,NOR?WE/ LO7+ IS REPRES5T$ "H3 ! TREES _H 6BE CUT 6PAY = 3/RUC;N (! LO7+ ROAD T _H 6BE BUILT 6TAKE \ ! TREES4 ,! ,U4,S4 ,=E/ ,S]VICE HAS M ROAD ?AN ANY AG5CY 9 ! _W1 #CDC1JJJ MILES ( X1 AB SEV5 "TS ! L5G? ( ! 9T]/ATE HIE ABSOLUTELY NEC = ALL PLACES = ALL "T1 S9CE ! TREES MAY ONLY 2 CUT ONCE E HUNDR$ YE>S4 ,B ! #AAJ ROADS AL MAKE POSSI# =E/ FIRE C#FC FICUT 6EXPOSE SC5]Y2 9 ,EA/]N ,OREGON ! ,=E/ ,S]VICE SOLD (F TREES NEXT 6A ROAD 9 ,HELLS ,CANYON ,N,NAL ,RECRE,N ,>EA & "ND ! TIMB] SALE -------------------------------------#FD 8,VI/A ,VIEW40 ,>GUE AB ROADS & Y GET V QKLY 6! HE>T ( DEBATES AB MAN'S ROLE 9 ! =E/3 IF A TREE FALLS1 DOES X MAKE A S.D IF NO "O C DRIVE \ 6HE> X8 ,PAUL DOESN'T BR+ VISITORS UP 6,WIL- L\E ! FAT1 OLD1 & TIR$ L1N ( OLD GR[? ) REGR[N TREE CROPS4 ,PAUL S]V$ ON A /ATE -MIS.N T PRES]V$ = AT L1/ FIFTE5 YE>S ! OLD GR[? 6! S\? T ? ROAD 0 SUPPOS$ TO DOOM4 ,HE HAS HE>D ALL ! PRES]V,NI/ >GU- ;TS4 ,/1 HE DOESN'T "U/& :Y O!RWISE S5- SI# P GET EXCIT$ AB ! H>VE/ ( OV]RIPE1 DECAY+ TREES4 ,Z ) S _M P HE>D F 9 ? GRE5 C.TRY1 ID1S AB RELIGION & HUMAN PURPOSE CREEP 96HIS 3V]S,N4 8,I FEEL ,GOD _H M PURPOSE 9 CRE,N ?AN 6LET ? =E/ FALL OV] & ROT10 ,PAUL SD1 GE/UR+ #AAA AT ! BIG TREES T APPROPRIATELY A#FD LOOK GRAY & WR9KL$ 9 ! M>9E FOG4 8,HE PUT ^! "H S P CD USE !M40 ,ON ! WAY D[N1 ,PAUL REM>KS T HE LIKES ! LOOK (! "Y TREES -+ UP 2T ! /UMPS4 ,!Y >E A BU%Y1 B"R GRE5--PUPPIES (! PLANT _W4 ,HE >GUES !Y H A B1UTY ( _! [N1 AN 9TIMATE *>M Z WOR?Y ( 3SID],N Z AN OLD =E/4 ,P]H T5 YE>S OLD1 ! "Y 3IF]S PLANT$ ON A CLE>CUT H GR[N UP & TGR 9 A ?ICK1 9T]WOV5 C>PET T ROLLS AWAY 96! MI/4 ,(! B1UTY ( "Y TREES H1L+ A HUMAN SC>1 "! IS NO "Q4 ,ON A GOLD5 AUTUMN MORN+1 XS FRO/ MELT+ & !N /1M+ 9 ! SUN1 A CUT- OV] & REPLANT$ PAT* WE/ ( T[N %IMM]S ) T9SEL$ LIGUE IS Z SACR$ Z AN AN- CI5T GROVE4 #AAB B#FD ,=KS'S LAY\T IS L T (A ?\S& O!R ,AM]I- CAN RURAL -MUNITIES1 FRONT+ ON ! MA9 HIK1 & UP 9 ! C5T] ( T[N NEXT 6! ,VAGABOND RE/AURANT "! IS A GRAY+ SLICE F ! TRUNK (A SPRUCE1 XS DIAMET] HI<] ?AN ANY H1D1 &A SIGN NOT+ PR\DLY T ! TREE SPR\T$ 2F ! >RIVAL ( ,COLUMBUS4 ,ABV X IS A SIGN REFLECT+ ,=KS'S CLAIM (! #AIGJ;S3 ..,LO7+ ,CAPI- TAL ,( ,! .,_W4 ,AT ! P1K1 2F ! G-G OV]CUTT+ F9,Y SL[$1 ! VOLUME ( WOOD T RUM#D \ ( ? T[N ON ! BACK ( TRUCKS 0 9DE$ Z GRT Z ANY PLACE 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 ,? TREE1 PLAC$ 9 #AIGG1 IS APP>5TLY N ! F/ S* #AAC TROPHY PUT ON 4PLAY4 ,BACK 9 A#FE #AICI1 :5 A SIMIL> TREE 0 CUT NE> ! ,HOH ,RIV]1 ! 9T5;N 0 64PLAY X 9 ,PORT ,ANGE- LES4 ,! PLAN 0 AB&ON$ :5 X 0 4COV]$ ! TRUNK 0 TOO FAT 6FIT "? A TUNNEL ON ! WAY 6T C;Y S !Y PUT X 9 ,=KS 9/1D4 ,^! CROSS-SEC;NAL *UNKS (! VANI%+ =E/ >E Z -MONPLACE 9 ,NOR?WE/ LO7+ T[NS Z RACKS ( ANTL]S4 ,!Y >E 9DICATIVE (! 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H1DQU>T]S (! ,=E/ ,S]VICE & ,,DNR4 ,=KS IS AN ISL& ( 5TREPR5EURIAL Z1L 9 A SEA ( GOV]N;T TIMB]L&1 A PLACE ( CAPI- TALI/ 3S]VATISM BAS$ ON A WOOD-DRIV5 ECONOMY AB Z SOCIALI/IC Z ANY Y'LL F9D 9 ,AM]ICA4 ,:AT NO "O LIKES 6TALK AB M* IS T GOV]N;T TIMB] POLICY MADE ,=KS1 GOV]N- ;T OV]CUTT+ HELP$ *1T X ( XS FUTURE1 -------------------------------------#FF & GOV]N;T 5VIRON;TALISM IS %UTT+ X D[N4 ,=KS IS SUSPICI\S ( GOV]N;T Z ONLY A DE- P5D5T C BE4 ,T IS AB ALL ( ,=KS MO/ TRAVEL]S "E SEE4 ,! "EY"D T[N ( PO/ (FICE & UTIL;Y H1DQU>T]S & S*OOLS />TS "O /REET #AAE OV]1 &! RESID5TIAL >1S SPR1D \ 2Y A#FF T4 ,! NEIS OLD T H GR[N BACK S9CE ! ,BIG ,FIRE ( #'EA4 ,=KS IS QUIET] & PRETTI] BACK "! (F ! HIE NO CLE>CUTS 9 SIDS & 9 W9D[S >E YELL[ SIGNS T R1D1 8,? FAMILY SUPPORT$ 0TIMB]40 ,"O SEES SIMIL> SIGNS 9 ! %OP W9D[S3 8,? BUSI;S SUPPORT$ 0TIMB]40 ,X IS BO? A /ATE;T ( FACT &A PLEA4 ,! HI< S*OOL C.EL$ XS VOC,NAL CLASS T TAU5TS /RU7LE TO HANG ONTO ! =E/1 !Y EXPECT _! *N 6H DIF- F]5T *OICES4 ,\ T[>D ,PAUL'S GROC]Y /ORE "! 0 A CROSS "SBODY PUT UP UNTIL ! *AMB] ( COM- M]CE -PLA9$4 ,=A :ILE X _H [LS ROO/+ ON ! CROSSPIECE & LO7+ EQUIP;T SCATT]$ AT XS BASE4 ,IF ! SYMBOLISM SEEM$ A BIT MIX$1 ! MESSAGE 0 N--X 0 ! LO7] :O 0 2+ CRUCIFI$4 ,AF OBJEC;NS F RELIGI\S GR\PS1 ! [LS P]*+ ON ! CROSS 7 TAK5 AWAY1 Z 0 ! LO7+ EQUIP;T4 ,9/1D "S"O M.D$ DIRT AT #AAF ! CROSS'S BASE1 MAK+ X APPE> Z IF B#FF "! 0 A GRAVE "!4 ,! SIGN OV] ! GRAVE R1D1 8,? FAMILY .0 SUPPORT$ 0TIMB]40 ,9 SUM1 Y C'T ESCAPE ,=KS'S ID5TIFIC,N ) LO7+3 & YET T ID5T;Y CAME SL[LY4 ,F ! ,CIVIL ,W> 6,_W ,W> ,,II1 ,=KS ?"\ ( XF PRIM>ILY Z A F>M+ T[N1 J WAIT+ =A H>BOR OR A RAILROAD OR A HI- KETS4 ,0! "T A GD HI.D ! T[N 9 #'BA1 ! TREES T DELAY$ ! -PLE;N ( ,HIT 6#AHGG1 :5 A ,CIVIL ,W> CAVALRY VET]AN "ND ,LU!R ,=D >RIV$ 9 ,WA%+TON ,T]RITORY AF A PO/W> ODYSSEY 9 SE>* (A H1L?Y CLIMATE T 0V>I$ A3.TS _H -------------------------------------#FG TAK5 HM 6,I[A1 ,9DIANA1 ,FLORIDA1 #AAG & ,CALI=NIA4 ,^? 7 ! "DS :5 LOGS A#FG 7 / 2+ SKI4$ D[N ,S1TTLE'S /REETS1 & ,PORTL&1 ,OREGON1 0 NICK"ND ,/UMP ,T[N1 ! /UMPS :ITE-WA%$ S T WAGONS WDN'T COL- LIDE ) !M AT NI?UR ,D5NY (F]$ 6SELL ,=D EIM4 ,TALES _H DRIFT$ BACK 6,PUGET ,S.D (A RI*1 RA9-SOAK$ FLAT PRAIRIE ON ! WE/]N 5D (! ,OLYMPIC ,P59SULA4 ,"! 7 NO TREES T NE$$ CLE>+ ON ? PRAIRIE1 ! /ORIES W5T4 ,X MILI] PIONE]S :O _H FAIL$ 6/ICK "!4 ,=D 0 N ! F/ WD-BE HOME/1D] 6HE> ( ? PLACE1 BURN$ ANNU,Y 0! ,9DIANS 6KEEP X AN OP5 GRASSL& = ELK & O!R GAME4 ,^W _H -E BACK F L"O TRAPP]S 0#AHFJ1 &A NUMB] ( SETTL]S MIGRAT$ F ! -MUN;Y ( ,DUNGE;S1 ON ! NOR?EA/]N ,OLYMPIC ,P59SULA1 AB ! "T (! ,CIVIL ,W>4 ,!Y _H DR1MS (A NEW -MUN;Y1 & EV5 TRI$ 6=M ,QUILLAYUTE ,C.TY ON ! 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REGION'S ECONO- MY 4#BG BILLION 9 ! NEXT FIFTY YE>S4 ,JOB LOSS E/IMATES 0! YE> #BJJJ RANG$ F #AD1JJJ 6#AJE1JJJ4 ,YET J "O YE> LAT]1 T ACREAGE 0 DW>F$ AG4 ,! ,U4,S4 ,FI% & ,WILDLIFE ,S]VICE _H1 AF A C\RT ORD]1 DCLD ! [L A ?R1T5$ SPECIES 7A CATEGORY T "U /ATUTE 0 SLIKS Z 8CRITICAL HABITAT0 =! [L4 ,:ILE T FIGURE WD 2 ADJU/$1 XS SCOPE 0 UNPREC$5T$4 8,! ,5DANG]$ ,SPECIES ,ACT HAS N"E BE5 D"O AT ? SCALE 2F10 =M] 3GRES.NAL AIDE ,DON ,B>RY1 AN EXP]T ON ! ACT1 SD4 ,! [L ISSUE 2CAME A POLITICAL BLACK HOLE1 SUCK+ M & M AG5CIES1 9DU/RY REPRE- S5TATIVES1 & 5VIRON;TALI/S 96! [L'S ONCE-OBSCURE BIOLOGY4 ,WA%+TON ,/ATE FOLL[$ ,OREGON & 2GAN XS [N [L #ADC RESE>* 9 #AIGH1 =M$ XS [N /UDY B#GH GR\P 9 #AIGI1 & SET UP XS [N N,NAL =E/ RES]VES >.D NE/S 9 #AIHJ4 ,:5 ! ,R1GAN ADM9I/R,N SU3ESS;LLY PRESSUR$ ! ,U4,S4 ,FI% & ,WILDLIFE ,S]VICE N 6LI/ ! [L Z ?R1T5$ OR 5DANG]$ 9 #AIHG--A DECI.N T WD LAT] 2 REV]S$ AF ,U4,S4 ,4TRICT ,C\RT ,JUDGE ,?OMAS ,ZILLY F.D ! 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WILD];S SY/EM4 ,POLITIC,Y1 ,3GRESS WD N"E SET ASIDE 5 L& 6MA9TA9 ! BIOLOGICAL DIV]S;Y (! ECOSY/EM1 HE R1SON$4 ,FRANKL9 0 M 9T]E/$ 9 MODIFY+ LO7+ & MANAG+ ALL L& = WILDLIFE4 8,^! [LS >E LIV+ 9 /&S ( MIX$ /RUCTURE10 HE SD4 8,WE C RECR1TE ^? /&S40 ,HE PREDICT$ A REGR[N /& ( TREES CD ATTRACT [LS 9 Z LL Z SEV5TY 6"O HUN- DR$ YE>S AF PLANT+4 ,? 0 N "S?+ #BAD 5VIRON;TALI/S SEEK+ OLD-GR[? A#AAJ PROTEC;N WANT$ 6HE>4 ,!Y 2CAME W>Y4 ,CD ? NEW RE=M 2 TURN$ ON XS H1D1 & US$ Z JU/IFIC,N = 3T9U$ LO7+ ( OLD GR[?8 8,^! 3CEPTS DIDN'T S]VE EI GR\P'S 9T]E/S10 ,FRANKL9 NOT$4 ,JACK ,W>D ,?OMAS1 ! WILDLIFE BIOLOGI/ :O F.D HMF EMBROIL$ 9 ! [L 3TROV]SY1 SD ? 3FU.N IS NATURAL4 8,^! >E QUANTUM JUMPS 9 ! RECOGNI;N ( -PLEX;Y10 HE SD4 8,WE 7 TRA9$ 6LOOK L ?40 ,HE CUPS 8 H&S >.D 8 FACE1 PE]+ D[N AT ! GR.D4 8,J]RY ,FRANKL9 WANTS P 6LOOK AT 5TIRE =E/S4 ,A LOT ( ?+S T -E AL;G 9 3CEPT >E NECESS>I- LY NEBUL\S 9 ! 2G9N+4 ,NEW ,=E/RY IS NEBUL\S1 B Y >E SEE+ X DEF9$ M & M PRE- CISELY ALL ! "T4 ,ECOSY/EMS 7 A NEBUL\S 3CEPT ?IRTY YE>S AGO4 ,"S"O ,7ECOLOGI/ ,FRANK ,EGL]7' ONCE SD T ECOSY/EMS MAY N ONLY 2 M -PLEX ?AN WE ?9K1 !Y MAY 2 M -PLEX ?AN WE .C ?9K4 ,NEW ,=E/RY IS SIM- PLY ! RECOGNI;N T /&>D =E/ PRACTICES TO MAXIMIZE WOOD PRODUC;N ,7>E7' N UNIV]S,Y APPLICA# 6A*IEVE ! DESIRES (! PUBLIC40 8,X'S OLD-FA%ION$ =E/]S V]SUS ! #BAE ECOLOGI/S10 SD ,BILL ,ATK9SON1 A B#AAJ =M] RESE>*] ) ,CR[N ,ZELL]BA* TIMB] :O N[ H1DS ! ,DE"P;T ( ,=E/ ,5G9E]+ AT ,OR- EGON ,/ATE ,UNIV]S;Y4 ------------------------------------#AAA ,ATK9SON UNABA%$LY PUTS HMF 9 ! CAMP (! =M]4 8,J]RY HAS PRETTY M* SOLD ? Z AN OP],NAL SILVICULTURAL SY/EM1 B X HASN'T BE5 TRI$ 0ANYBODY10 HE SD4 ,ATK9SON'S ATTACKS ON ,FRANKL9 H GOTT5 PO9T$4 ,DUR+ A SUMM] #AIIJ M$IA T\R (! ,H4 ,C4 ,&REWS ,EXP]I;TAL ,=E/ 9 ,ORE- GON1 ": ,FRANKL9 DEVELOP$ _M ( 8 ID1S1 ! BR1K CAME \ 96! OP54 ,ATK9SON -PLA9$ 6! M$IA T ! GURU'S GOSPEL 0 PROV+ S E6EC- TIVE T =E/RY TRADI;NALI/S 7 GETT+ AFRAID 6SP1K \ AG/ X4 ,Z REPORT$ 0J\RNALI/ ,PAUL ,ROB]TS1 ,ATK9SON -P>$ X 6,*9A'S ,CULTURAL ,REVOLU;N1 ": ,MAO ,Z$;G PRO- CLAIM$ FL[]B$S AN IDEOLOGICAL 4TRAC;N4 8,! NEXT MORN+ "EY"O IS \TSIDE1 PULL+ UP ! FL[]B$S4 ,( C\RSE WE DON'T H ,*AIRMAN ,MAO4 ,WE'VE GOT ,J]RY40 ,FRANKL91 :O LAUE WE DO+ \ "H1 ,BILL80 8,Y %D'VE 3TROLL$ :AT'S 2+ D"O 9 ! "N ( ,NEW ,=E/RY1 ,J]RY10 ,ATK9SON REPLI$4 8,Y LET X GET \ ( 3TROL40 8,BILL1 ! SAME ?+ CD 2 SD = PLANT,N =- E/RY1 T .X'S GOTT5 \ ( 3TROL10 ,FRANKL9 REPLI$4 8,WELL1 X HAS10 ,ATK9SON ADMITT$4 8,WELL1 :Y DON'T Y /OP X80 ,FRANKL9 ASK$4 ,"! 0 NO ANSW]4 8,BILL1 WE'VE GOT 6/>T "W+ TGR ON ? OR ! 9DU/RY'S GO+ 6BE WIP$ \40 ,9 AN 9T]VIEW1 ,ATK9SON EXP&$ #BAG ON 8 FE>S AB ,NEW ,=E/RY4 ,ALL ! B#AAA ?+S LE>N$ AB GR[+ HI<-VALUE ,D\GLAS FIR1 9 AN 5VIRON;T RIPE ) BIOLOGICAL -PETI- TORS1 ,FRANKL9 SEEMS 6BE ?R[+ \1 HE COM- PLA9$4 8,! 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GR.D A CRISSCROSS$ OB/ACLE C\RSE ( FALL5 LOGS4 ,TREES AL GR[ TALL & H N>R[ BRAN* /RUCTURES1 ALL[+ ! =E/ 6PACK A LOT ( /EMS 96A SMALL >EA4 ,Z A RESULT ! TOTAL BIOMASS1 OR TOTAL WEI SITES 9 ! TROP- ICS4 ,^? :O 4LIKE PRES]V,N ( ^! =E/S >- GUE T IF WOOD 3SUMP;N DOES N DECL9E1 SETT+ ASIDE ,NOR?WE/ OLD GR[? CD -E AT A HI< 5VIRON;TAL CO/1 GLOB,Y3 X CD TAKE T5 6?IRTY ACRES ( TAIGA =E/ 9 NOR!RN ,CANA- DA1 ,ALASKA1 OR ,SIB]IA 6PRODUCE ! WOOD ( "O ACRE 9 ,WA%+TON ,/ATE4 ,? A/ONI%+ VOLUME MAKES H>VE/+ ! =E/S LUCRATIVE1 B ! TREES & D[N$ LOGS >E S D5SE X IS DI6ICULT 6LOG SELECTIVELY BY CUTT+ ONLY "S (! TREES4 ,^? CUT C #BAI DAMAGE ! SURVIVORS :5 !Y FALL1 & B#AAB C DAMAGE !M AG :5 DRA7$ ACR ! GR.D 6BE LOAD$ ONTO TRUCKS4 ,X IS EXP5SIVE 6"W >.D /&+ TREES1 & ^? LEFT MAY TOPPLE OR %$ BRAN*ES T CD 9JURE LO7]S4 ,EV5 IF !Y SURVIVE LO7+1 CRITICS 3T5D1 ! TREES LEFT 2H MAY BL[ D[N 9 HI< W9DS4 ,A4I;N,Y1 OLD-GR[? =E/S L1VE S M* WOODY DEBRIS & HALF-DECAY$ LOGS ON ! GR.D T X C 2 DI6ICULT 6SIMPLY WALK "? 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W9T]S ( #AIHI & #AIIJ T RAN 96RIV] TRIB- UT>IES & DE/ROY$ SALMON-RE>+ HABITAT PRIZ$ 0! ,HOH ,9DIAN TRIBE4 8,T >EA WON'T FULLY RECOV] = #AEJ YE>S10 =ECA/ ,BOB ,NAIMAN1 A HYDROLOGI/ AT ! ,UNIV]- S;Y ( ,WA%+TON4 ,VISU,Y1 CLE>CUTT+ 2CAME XS [N WOR/ 5EMY4 ,TIMB] -PANIES &! ,=E/ ,S]VICE BE- GAN 6L1VE /RIPS ( TREES AL;G HIK4 8,I FIRMLY 2LIEVE IF WE CD GET "EY"O 9 ,WA%- +TON & ,OREGON 96! AIR 6SEE ? LO7+1 X WD /OP TM10 ,ATIYEH SD4 ,S* CRITICISM &! %E] %ORTAGE (A -MOD;Y ,NOR?WE/]N]S ONCE TOOK = GRANT$--BIG1 OLD TREES--SET ! /AGE = ANY SCI5TI/ :O CD (F] A CR$I# ALT]NATIVE4 ,IF MO/ 7 RE- LUCTANT 6(F] SWEEP+ PRESCRIP;NS = S* A VOLATILE ISSUE1 A FEW >E N4 ,"O 9 "PICU- L> 0 "Q+ ! ASSUMP;NS ( MOD]N =E/RY = MO/ ( 8 ADULT LIFE4 8,:AT ,I WANT 6D IS RE=M =E/RY10 SD ,FRANKL94 ,! TIMB] 9DU/RY 0 ILL-EQUIPP$ 6D1L ) S* A *ALL5GE4 ,9DU/RIAL =E/RY 8HAS BE5 9 A 3/ANT PROCESS ( D5IAL10 ,FRANKL9 SD4 ,A ,N,NAL ,SCI;E ,F.D,N SURVEY _H %[N ! TIMB] 9DU/RY'S TYPICAL DEVO;N ( REV5UES 6BASIC RESE>* 0 ONLY AB "O QU>T] ! 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