#GDG
    ,,CR1T+ ,,! ,,_W'S ,,F/ ,,JUMBO
      ,,JET ,,& ,,O!R ,,ADV5TURES
       ,,F ,A ,,LIFE ,,9 ,,AVI,N

             ,,JOE ,,SUTT]
             ) ,JAY ,SP5S]


      ,PUBLI%$ 0,SMI?SONIAN ,BOOKS
               ,NEW ,YORK
       ,COPY"R #BJJF 0,JOE ,SUTT]
  ,FUR!R REPRODUC;N OR 4TRIBU;N 9 O!R
  ?AN A SPECIALIZ$ =MAT IS PROHIBIT$4

  ,TRANSCRIB$1 #BJJG1 0,C>OLYN ,RI<I
          ,"EGRE5 ,BRL ,S]VICE
  ,WA%+TON ,TALK+ ,BOOK & ,BRL ,LIBR>Y
           ,S1TTLE1 ,WA%+TON


             ,9 #E ,VOLUMES
               ,VOLUME #C
     ,BRL PAGES P#A-P#B & #BBA-CBD
         ,PR9T PAGES #AAH-C#AGD      P#A
                ,,3T5TS
                                   ,PAGE
#F ,A ,GIANT ,TAKES ,%APE """"""""" #AAH
#G ,WILL+ 6BE ,FIR$ """"""""""""""" #ADB
#H ,! ,W+ & ,WEI<T ,CRISES """""""" #AEA
#I ,! #GDG ,ROLLS ,\ """""""""""""" #AEI


















                                     P#B
                   #F               #AAH
       ,A ,,GIANT ,,TAKES ,,%APE

,JACK ,/E9]'S #GCG 0 HALFWAY "? XS DE-
SIGN DEVELOP;T4 ,HE'D _H A DEVIL (A "T
GETT+ 8 PROGRAM /A6$ UP 6/R5G? 2C (!
,,SST1 ) XS EXORBITANT DEM&S ON H1D C.T4
,!N AL;G CAME ! #GDG1 & ?+S GOT S BAD =
HM T ,/E9] WD A3USE MY PROGRAM ( 8DEMAN-
N+0 HIS4
  ,MY SITU,N WAS1 IF ANY?+1 M *ALL5G+
?AN HIS4 ,MY ATTEMPTS E>LY ON 6GET P IN-
V>IABLY TRI7]$ ! SAME RESPONSE4 8,LOOK1
,JOE1 WE "K :AT Y'RE DO+ IS IMPORTANT10
,I'D 2 TOLD1 8B X'S N AN AIRPLANE "U
3TRACT4 ,! ,,SST IS "U 3TRACT4 ,S IS !
#GCG4 ,^? JOBS H 6MEET _! S*$ULE -MIT-
;TS1 S Y'RE J GO+ 6H 6MAKE D ) :AT Y'VE
GOT40
  ,!N 9 ,APRIL #AIFF1 ,BOE+ & ,PAN ,AM
SIGN$ ! 3TRACT T (FICI,Y LAUN*$ ! ,BOE+
#GDG AIRL9]4 ,WE TOO 2CAME A -MITT$ PRO-
GRAM4 ,JACK ,/E9] 0 LIVID T ,I CD N[ IN-
VOKE ! SAME PRIOR;Y Z HE CD ON ! #GCG1
OR = T MATT] ! #GBG T1M !N          #BBA
DEVELOP+ A DERIVATIVE ( T TRI-     A#AAH
JET4 ,WE 7 ALL 9 ! SAME BOAT &! SIZE (!
#GDG ?R1T5$ 6SWAMP X4
  ,X 0 9 ? 5VIRON;T T MY T1M & ,I SET AB
DESIGN+
------------------------------------#AAI
! #GDG 9 DETAIL4 ,HAV+ ALR DECID$ 6G 6A
S+LE MA9 DECK1 WE NE$$ 6FIGURE \ J H[
WIDE \R WIDEBODY JETL9] %D BE4 ,GETT+ X
WR;G CD SPELL DECADES ( LO/ BUSI;S 2C
JETL9] PROGRAMS H V L;G LIVES4 ,! POT5-
TIAL 3SEQU;ES ( N DO+ \R HOME"W PROP]LY
CD LIT],Y CO/ ,BOE+ BILLIONS ( DOLL>S4
  ,! DESIGN REQUIRE;TS WE DEF9$ ) \R
AIRL9E CU/OM]S PROVID$ ANSW]S 6\R "QS1
DRIV+ ! DESIGN'S EVOLU;N4 ,! #GDG _H 6BE
AN EXCELL5T FREI<T]1 N J AN EXCELL5T
PASS5G] PLANE1 S WE DECID$ 6TRY 6A3OMMO-
DATE .TWO %IPP+ 3TA9]S SIDE 0SIDE ON XS
MA9 DECK4 ,6HELP \R CU/OM]S1 MOREOV]1 WE
DET]M9$ T ^! 3TA9]S %D 2 EI<T FEET 0EI<T
FEET1 ! /&>D SIZE US$ 0! M>I"T1 RAIL1 &
TRUCK+ 9DU/RIES4 ,AL? ! #GDG'S MA9-DECK
3TA9]S WD DI6] 2C ( AVI,N'S /R+5T WEI<T
REQUIRE;TS1 !Y WD / SIMPLIFY LIFE   #BBB
= OP]ATORS 0A3OMMODAT+ /&>D-SIZE   A#AAI
LOADS4
  ,A S+LE COLUMN ( 3TA9]S DIDN'T CALL =A
V WIDE FUSELAGE4 ,X AL DIDN'T MAKE = V
GD USE ( SPACE4 ,B :5 WE PLAC$ .TWO R[S
( 3TA9]S SIDE 0SIDE ON A S+LE MA9 DECK1
?+S SU45LY LOOK$ .M* BETT]4
  ,X 0 ,R[ ,BR[N :O F/ SKET*$ \ ? CIRCU-
L> FUSELAGE1 & BOY1 0 X WIDE6 ,A BIT M
?AN #BJ FEET ACR1 X 0 NE>LY TWICE ! WID?
(A #GJG1 : 0 ! MO/ SPACI\S AIRL9] !N 9
S]VICE4 ,I'M SURE ALL ( U GULP$2 ? 0 AN
AUDACI\S AIRPLANE6
  ,2C \R NEW FUSELAGE 0 S L>GE 9 DIAME-
T]1 ! #GDG PASS5G] CAB9 WD H RELATIVELY
/RAI<T SIDEWALLS4 ,! M WE LOOK$ AT X1 !
M VALUA# ? "PICUL> B5EFIT SEEM$4 ,9 PAS-
S5G] S]VICE1 /RAI<T] SIDEWALLS PROVIDE
ROOMLIKE PROPOR;NS T 5H.E PASS5G] -=T4
,9 FREI<T] S]VICE1 !Y MAXIMIZE USA# VOL-
UME 2C ALM ALL ! 9T]NAL SPACE IS AVAILA#
6C>GO 9 %IPP+ 3TA9]S OR ON PALLETS4
  ,! B5EFITS ( ? NEW 3FIGUR,N AL EXT5D$
2L FLOOR LEVEL4 ,GO+ F ! D\#-DECK]'S
DEEP B N>R[ PROPOR;NS 6A WIDE       #BBC
CROSS SEC;N M1NT M* M SPACI\S      B#AAI
=W>D & AFT C>GO
------------------------------------#ABJ
HOLDS4 ,PASS5G] AIRL9ES WD H PL5TY (
ROOM LEFT OV] AF PASS5G] BAGS 7 LOAD$ =
PR(IT-5HANC+ AIR FREI<T4 ,FREI<T OP]A-
TORS WD 2 A# 6C>RY A4I;NAL C>GO 9 SIDE-
BY-SIDE 2LDECKS 3TA9]S #FD 9*ES HI<4
  ,9 FREI<T] S]VICE1 ? DESIGN PA? PRO-
VIDES ! CAPAC;Y1 P]=M.E1 & /RUCTURAL CA-
PABIL;Y T OP]ATORS NE$ 6C>RY HI<-D5S;Y
C>GOES F /EM 6/]N4 ,X MAKES LOAD+ & UN-
LOAD+ SIMPLE4 ,MA9-DECK C>GOES NE>LY #AJ
FEET TALL & #AC FEET WIDE 5T] "? A HUGE
SIDE DOOR4 ,BOE+-BUILT #GDG FREI<T]S 7B
N #GDG PASS5G] JETS SUBSEQU5TLY 3V]T$ TO
FREI<T] USE7 AL H H+$ NOSES = "?-!-FRONT
LOAD+4 ,TD NE>LY HALF (! _W'S AIR FREI<T
TRAVELS ABO>D #GDG;S4
  ,9 PASS5G] S]VICE1 \R 3FIGUR,N ALL[S V
NE>LY ! 5TIRE CAB9 L5G? 6BE US$ = PASS5-
G] S1T+4 ,AL? WE ELEVAT$ ! FLI<T DECK TO
ALL[ "?-!-NOSE FREI<T LOAD+1 X PAYS DIV-
ID5DS 9 PASS5G] S]VICE TOO1 2C REV5UE-
G5]AT+ FLOOR SPACE IS OP5$ UP ":    #BBD
! COCKPIT WD ORD9>ILY H BE54       A#ABJ

,AF ! 3FIGUR,N (! #GDG'S FUSELAGE CROSS
SEC;N1 ! NEXT MO/ IMPORTANT DESIGN DECI-
.NS WE MADE 9VOLV$ ! DEF9I;N ( ? AIR-
PLANE'S W+4 ,! W+ DET]M9ES H[ M* WEI<T Y
C LIFT (F ! GR.D1 ! E6ICI5CY & ECONOMY (
! AIRPLANE 9 S]VICE1 XS TAKE(F & L&+ "*-
I/ICS1 &( C\RSE XS BASIC FLI<T "*I/ICS4
  ,9 ^? "DS1 -M]CIAL JET TRANSPORT
CRUISE SPE$ _H PRETTY M* BE5 DEF9$ 0!
#GJG4 ,T JETL9] BUILT ON :AT _H BE5
LE>N$ )! ;,B-#DG & ;,B-#EB 0P S* Z
,S*AIR]1 ,COOK1 ,HAMILTON1 & ,)+TON4
,?ANKS 6!M1 ,BOE+ _H LE>N$ H[ 6PUT TGR A
W+ T WD CRUISE E6ICI5TLY AT HI< SPE$4
  ,! #GJG 0 DESIGN$ =A NOM9AL CRUISE
SPE$ ( ,MA* #J.HB1 : IS #HB@3P (! SPE$ (
S.D4 7,:AT SPE$ ? ACTU,Y IS DEP5DS ON !
D5S;Y (! AIR & ?US ! JET'S ALTITUDE47
,)\T ,BOE+'S H>D-WON K1 ,D\GLAS 0 LE]Y (
PU%+ ! SPE$
------------------------------------#ABA
S HI< ON ! ,,DC-#H1 XS F/ JETL9]4 ,WOR-
RI$ AB BU6ET+ & O!R TRANSONIC       #BBE
E6ECTS1 ,D\GLAS SETTL$ =A "S:AT    A#ABA
SL[] CRUISE SPE$ 6! DETRI;T ( T PROGRAM4
  ,O!R JETL9]S ( T P]IOD G5],Y CRUIS$ AT
EI<T T5?S OR S ! SPE$ ( S.D4 ,NOTA# EX-
CEP;NS 7 ! HOTROD ,3VAIR #HHJ_/#IIJ SE-
RIES1 : FLEW Q A BIT FA/] B BURN$ TOO M*
FUEL 7,3VAIR'S JETL9]S BORR[$ P]H TOO
H1VILY F T -PANY'S JET FI<T]S71 &! DE
,HAVILL& ,-ET AT ! O!R EXTREME1 CRUIS+
AT ONLY AB ,MA* #J.GJ & ?US #AJJ MILES
P] H\R SL[] ?AN ! #GJG4
  ,Z WE SET AB 6DEF9E ! #GDG'S W+1 WE
F.D \RVS 9 A GD POSI;N4 ,N ONLY DID
,BOE+ POSSESS _W-L1D+ EXP]TISE1 B WE AL
_H \R [N TRANSONIC W9D TUNNEL 9 : 6EVAL-
UATE \R 3CEPTS & VALIDATE _! P]=M.E4
,BOE+'S WILL+;S 69VE/ 9 ,R&,D 0 PAY+ (F
H&"SLY4
  ,WE 9ITI,Y DEF9$ A G5]\S W+ ( #E1BJJ
SQU>E FEET1 : 0 SOON 9CR1S$ 6A FULL
#E1EJJ SQU>E FEET4 ,? GRT] >EA M1NT A
"S:AT L[] W+ LOAD+ &A SLI<TLY SL[] AIR-
PLANE1 B WE FELT T ! B5EFITS ( ? HUGE W+
--IMPROV$ L[-SPE$ "*I/ICS1 A4I;NAL FUEL
VOLUME1 & FUTURE GR[? POT5TIAL--    #BBF
MADE X DESIRA#4                    B#ABA

,! L[-SPE$ REGIME (! #GDG'S FLI<T 5VE-
LOPE GOT A GRT D1L ( ATT5;N DUR+ ! DE-
SIGN PHASE4 ,WE KNEW WE _H 6H HI<-LIFT
CAPABILITIES =! FREI<T] V].N (! AIR-
PLANE1 : WD 2 L&+ ) H1VI] PAYLOADS ?AN
PASS5G] #GDG;S4 ,? REQUIRE;T L$ U 6D "S
9NOVATIVE ?9K+4
  ,! *ALL5GE IS T JETL9] W+S >E OPTIMIZ$
6HI<-SPE$ FLI<T4 ,? IS GRT :5 Y'RE
CRUIS+ NE> ! SPE$ ( S.D1 B N DUR+ TAKE-
(FS & L&+S :5 Y 9/1D WANT A W+ T'S GE>$
6L[] SPE$S4 ,9 G5]AL1 ! WAY 63V]T A HI<-
SPE$ W+ 96"O SUIT$ 6L[] SPE$S IS 69CR1SE
XS >EA & CAMB]4
------------------------------------#ABB
  ,9CR1S+ ! W+'S >EA REDUCES XS .W+
.LOAD+1 : IS H[ M* WEI<T EA* SQU>E FOOT
( W+ SUPPORTS4 ,? HAS ! E6ECT ( REDUC+ !
AIRPLANE'S ./ALL .SPE$1 : IS ! SPE$ AT :
! AIRPLANE C NO L;G] FLY & 9/1D 2G9S TO
FALL4 ,L[] /ALL SPE$S >E "PICUL>LY DE-
SIRA# DUR+ L&+1 2C !Y M1N A SL[] T\*D[N1
%ORT] /OPP+ 4T.E1 & G5],Y SAF]      #BBG
OP],NS4                            A#ABB
  ,*ANG+ ! W+'S .CAMB] 7T IS1 H[ >*$ OR
CURV$ X IS7 AL HELPS REDUCE L&+ SPE$S4
,W+S >E AIRFOILS1 & BROADLY SP1K+1 L[-
SPE$ AIRFOILS >E M CAMB]$ ?AN HI<-SPE$
"OS4
  ,S H[ D Y *ANGE A W+ 9 FLI<T8 ,IF Y'VE
LOOK$ \ ! W9D[ DUR+ A JETL9] FLI<T1 Y
MAY H SE5 ! ANSW]4 ,JETS H FLAPS T EXT5D
AFT & D[NW>D F ! RE> (! W+4 ,9 A4I;N1 !Y
H 8L1D+-$GE DEVICES0 T EXT5D F ! FRONT (
! W+4 ,^! TWO MODIFIC,NS TGR SIGNIFI-
CANTLY 9CR1SE ! W+'S >EA & CAMB]4
  ,6MEET \R DESIGN GOALS1 WE DEVELOP$ A
8TRIPLE-SLOTT$ FLAP0 =! #GDG4 ,? ENORM\S
?REE-SEG;T FLAP SY/EM DID ! TRICK1
YIELD+ L[ APPROA* & L&+ SPE$S Z WELL Z
EXCELL5T FLI<T "*I/ICS "?\T ? CRITICAL
PHASE ( FLI<T4
  ,WE GAVE ! #GDG "S?+ EQU,Y 9NOVATIVE
AT ! FRONT ( XS W+S4 ,PREVI\S ,BOE+ JET-
L9]S _H US$ SLATS Z ! L1D+-$GE DEVICE1 B
\R AERODYNAMICS P CAME UP ) "S?+ EV5
BETT]3 ! .,KRUG] .FLAP4 ,? H+$ SEG;T
FOLDS \ 96! SLIP/R1M AT ! FRONT (   #BBH
! W+ 6E6ECTIVELY 9CR1SE XS LIFT    B#ABB
& CAMB]4
  ,( ALL JETL9]S1 ! #GDG REMA9S "O (!
EASIE/ 6L& 9 GD W1!R OR BAD4 ,! AIRPLANE
TAKES SEV]E GU/+ CROSSW9DS 9 /RIDE )
LOTS ( M>G91 GIV+ FLI<T CREWS A V HI<
DEGREE ( 3FID;E 9 ! AIRPLANE4 ,PASS5G]S
:O FLY ABO>D #GDG;S "K T Y FREQU5TLY
DON'T EV5 "K X HAS T\*$ D[N UNTIL A RUM-
BL+ TELLS Y ! :EELS >E ROLL+ ON ! RUN-
WAY4

,PAN ,AM DESIR$ ! FA/E/ SUBSONIC JETL9]
X CD GET4 ,! AIRL9E WANT$ ! #GDG 6CRUISE
AT AB ,MA* #J.HH4 ,MEET+ ? REQUIRE-
------------------------------------#ABC
;T L$ U 6PU% ! /ATE (! >T 9 W+ DESIGN4
,9 "PICUL>1 WE WD H 6G 6A SWEEP ANGLE
GRT] ?AN ! #CE DEGREES WE'D EMPLOY$ S
SU3ESS;LLY ON ! ;,B-#DG1 ;,B-#EB1 ,DA%
#HJ1 & #GJG4
  ,? CU/OM] REQUIRE;T = GRT] SPE$ CAUS$
GRT 3C]N \TSIDE MY PROGRAM4 ,BOE+'S S5-
IOR MANAGE;T WORRI$ T WE'D TR1D TOO
CLOSE 6! PO9T ": W+ BU6ET & O!R     #BBI
,MA* PH5OM5A SET IN1 CR1T+ AN      A#ABC
AIRPLANE ) UNDESIRA# HI<-SPE$ FLI<T "*-
I/ICS4 ,Z WE 2GAN \R W9D-TUNNEL TE/+1 WE
F.D T A W+ SWEPT BACK #DJ DEGREES WD GET
U ,MA* #J.HH1 B T SEEM$ A BIT TOO AUDA-
CI\S A L1P = _M ( ^! S5IOR P4 ,Z A RE-
SULT1 ! COLLECTIVE DECI.N 0 MADE 6EX-
PLORE W+S T CRUIS$ 9 ! #J.HE >EA4
  ,! M ,WEBB & 8 P LE>N$ 9 ! W9D TUNNEL1
! M 3V9C$ WE 7 T WE CD A*IEVE ,MA* #J.HE
)A W+ SWEPT #CG.E DEGREES1 S WE LOCK$ ?
VALUE IN4 ,) T E/ABLI%$1 WE PROCE$$ TO
EVALUATE DI6]5T AIRFOILS & AERODYNAMIC
DEVICES 6F9D ! MO/ E6ICI5T HI<-SPE$
CRUISE -B9,N4 ,I MADE SURE T :AT WE DID
AT ! HI<-SPE$ 5D (! FLI<T 5VELOPE DID N
-PROMISE ! JET'S L[-SPE$ CAPABILITIES &
H&L+4
  ,\R W9D TUNNEL /UDIES TOLD U WE CD AC-
TU,Y A*IEVE BETT] HI<-SPE$ FLI<T "*I/ICS
?AN WE'D EXPECT$4 ,AT ? PO9T1 ,I FELT V
3FID5T ( \R W+ DESPITE XS 2+ S* A BOLD
/EP =W>D4 ,ANO!R PIECE (! #GDG DESIGN _H
FALL5 96PLACE4
  ,LAT] ON1 AN UNANTICIPAT$         #BCJ
/RUCTURAL CRISIS WD >ISE ) \R      B#ABC
W+4 ,M>K$ 0HI< DRAMA & /R;G P]SONALI-
TIES1 X WD -E V CLOSE 6DERAIL+ ! #GDG
PROGRAM4

,SAFETY 0 P>AM.T 9 ALL ASPECTS (! #GDG
DESIGN4 ,"O EXAMPLE IS ! L&+ GE>1 A SYS-
TEM (T5 OV]LOOK$ 2C X'S TUCK$ \ ( SI<T4
,L&+ GE>S >E ENORM\SLY SIGNIFICANT F A
DESIGN /&PO9T 2C S M* (! RE/ (! DESIGN
IS %AP$ 0!M4
  ,LAY+ \ A L&+ GE> = ANY NEW AIRPLANE
IS A *ALL5GE4 ,!
------------------------------------#ABD
:EELS H 6BE 9 ! PROP] POSI;N = WEI<T
4TRIBU;N & AIRPLANE BAL.E ON ! GR.D1 &
AL = PROP] TAKE(F & L&+ "*I/ICS4 ,? GE>
M/ AL 2 /[A# )9 ! AIRFRAME 9 S* A WAY T
X DOESN'T CAUSE L>GE 9CR1SES 9 WEI<T OR
AERODYNAMIC DRAG4 ,ABV ALL1 ! GE> M/ 2
DURA# & RELIA# DESPITE ! EXTREME LOADS
6: X IS SUBJECT$4 ,? WD 2 "PICUL>LY TRUE
=! #GDG4
  ,Z A DESIGN]1 Y C'T ALL[ ! AIRPLANE TO
2 JEOP>DIZ$ 0! DAMAGE T 9EVITABLY   #BCA
O3URS 6L&+ GE>S 9 S]VICE4 ,GE>S    A#ABD
C HANG UP OR FAIL /RUCTUR,Y4 ,_! BRAKES
C SEIZE & _! TIRES C BL[ \4 ,) ? 9 M9D1
Y H 6POSI;N ! GE> S T :5 S* ?+S HAPP51 !
AIRPLANE ISN'T TORN UP1 ! FUEL TANKS >E
N RUPTUR$1 & DEBRIS ISN'T ?R[N 96! EN-
G9ES4
  ,"! HAS N BE5 A SU3ESS;L AIRL9] YET ^:
9ITIAL 8S]VICE 5TRY0 3FIGUR,N 0 ADEQUATE
= M ?AN A FEW YE>S4 ,! R1SON IS T ! AIR-
L9ES IMMLY />T ASK+ = M PAYLOAD & RANGE
\ (! AIRPLANE1 : 9 TURN M1NS LAT] MODELS
) HI<]-?RU/ 5G9ES1 M FUEL C>RI$1 & HI<]
GROSS WEI<TS4 ,?US1 Y NE$ 6DESIGN ! L&+
GE> = ? WEI<T GR[?4 ,Y D ? 0MAK+ X M RO-
BU/ ?AN IS 9ITI,Y NE$$ & 0DESIGN+ 6ALL[
A M CAPA# GE> 6BE SUB/ITUT$ D[N ! L9E )-
\T ! EXP5SE ( MAJOR REDESIGN4
  ,9 LOOK+ AT ! #GJG1 #GBG1 & #GCG Z
WELL Z -PETITOR AIRPLANES1 Y W SEE T
!Y'VE ALL 3T5D$ ) GR[? DEM&S4 ,A BASIC
L&+ GE> 3FIGUR,N IS NE$$ T DOES N ADD A
LOT ( BUILT-IN WEI<T AT ! />T B C 2 IN-
CR1S$ 9 CAPABIL;Y Z "T GOES ON4
  ,Z WE DESIGN$ ! #GDG'S L&+ GE>1   #BCB
WE >RIV$ AT AN EXCELL5T 3FIGUR,N   B#ABD
QKLY )\T A LOT ( -PUT] "T & T$I\S ANALY-
SIS4 ,? >RANGE;T EMPLOYS F\R MA9 GE>
PO/S &A NOSE GE>1 ! =M] ) F\R TIRES EA*
&! LATT] ) TWO4 ,! #GDG IS ?US AN #AH-
:EEL] ^: WEI<T IS SPR1D OV] A WIDE FOOT-
PR9T 6KEEP X F DAMAG+ AIRPORT RAMPS &
TAXIWAYS4
  ,? 0 AN EXTREMELY ELEGANT DESIGN SOLU-
;N T TOOK 9TO
------------------------------------#ABE
A3.T ! AIRPLANE'S PLANN$ OP]AT+ WEI<TS1
"PICUL>LY =! FREI<T]1 & 9CLUD$ GR[? CA-
PABIL;Y = H1VI] #GDG MODELS 9 ! FUTURE4
,TWO (! #GDG'S MA9 GE> LEGS >E M.T$ ON !
W+S4 ,! REMA9+ TWO--^? F>!R AFT-->E M.T$
ON ! FUSELAGE4 ,ALL F\R RETRACT 96A V
-PACT %>$ SPACE 9 ! JET'S BELLY4
  ,WE AL DESIGN$ ? L&+ GE> N 6CAUSE TR\#
IF "PS FAIL$4 ,TIRE BL[\TS WD H LL ABIL-
;Y 6A6ECT ! 5G9ES4 ,9 ! EV5T ( AN A3ID5T
OR A COLLI.N1 ! GE> LEGS !MVS >E DESIGN$
6TE> SAFELY AWAY )\T DAMAG+ ! RE> W+ SP>
OR PI]C+ ! FUEL TANKS4
  ,"! H BE5 Q A FEW 9/.ES ": #GDG   #BCC
L&+ GE>S HIT OB/RUC;NS ON RUN-     A#ABE
WAYS & TAXIWAYS1 OR ": A GE> FAILURE DID
O3UR1 YET ! #GDG L&$ SAFELY )\T M* COL-
LAT]AL DAMAGE4

,UNC]TA9TY ON ! PROPUL.N FRONT 9TRODUC$
AN ENORM\S AM.T ( RISK 96! #GDG PROGRAM4
,N"E 2F 9 ! HI/ORY ( -M]CIAL AVI,N _H A
NEW TYPE ( AIRL9] BE5 DEVELOP$ =A TYPE (
5G9E T DIDN'T EXI/ YET4
  ,! /ATE (! >T 9 -M]CIAL JET 5G9ES 9 !
#AIFJ;S 0 ! L[-BYPASS-RATIO TURBOFAN EN-
G9E4 ,^! PUT \ AT MO/ AB #AE1JJJ P.DS (
?RU/1 : IS :AT EA* (! F\R 5G9ES (A L;G-
RANGE #GJG & ,,DC-#H PRODUC$4 ,9 3TRA/1
! #GDG 0 6BE P[]$ 0F\R .HI<-BYPASS TUR-
BOFANS1 EA* G5]AT+ M ?AN #DJ1JJJ P.DS (
?RU/4
  ,! POT5TIAL 0 C]TA9LY "! = ^! NEW EN-
G9ES1 : 7 V PROMIS+ ON PAP]4 ,!Y WD 2 M*
L>G]1 QUIET]1 & M FUEL E6ICI5T ?AN ANY?+
9 S]VICE4 ,PRATT & ,:ITNEY & ,G5]AL
,ELECTRIC _H -PET$ 6DEVELOP L>GE HI<-
BYPASS FANJETS &! AIR =CE'S ;,C-#E MILI-
T>Y TRANSPORT1 S DEVELOP;T 0 "U     #BCD
WAY4 ,,GE WON ! ;,C-#E -PETI;N )   B#ABE
AN 5G9E T F1TUR$ A BYPASS RATIO ( #H TO
#A1 : M1NS T EI<T "TS Z M* AIR PASSES "?
! L>GE FAN AT FRONT ?AN ACTU,Y GOES "? !
5G9E'S
------------------------------------#ABF
CORE4 ,PRATT & ,:ITNEY'S LOS+ PROPOSAL
_H A L[] BYPASS RATIO ( AB #E.E 6#A4
  ,Z WE SET 6"W1 WE 7 ACUTELY AW>E T WE
7 "W+ ) 8PAP] 5G9ES40 ,ALL \R EF=TS &
,BOE+'S H1VY 9VE/;T WD C.T = NO?+ IF "W+
HI<-BYPASS FANJETS FAIL$ 6MAT]IALIZE 9
"T =! #GDG4 ,WE PRAY$ T NO SIGNIFICANT
TE*NICAL GLIT*ES WD >ISE ON ! PROPUL.N
FRONT4
  ,! NEW 5G9ES PRES5T$ "O HELL (A *AL-
L5GE =! 5G9E MANUFACTUR]S1 :O N[ 5T]$ AN
5TIRELY NEW & "PICUL>LY TICKLI% REGION (
AIRFL[ 3TROL4 ,AIR PASS$ "? A -B9,N (
HI<-SPE$ & L[-SPE$ -PRESSORS & TURB9ES
SP9N+ ON 3C5TRIC %AFTS4 ,! DANG] 0 T :5
! ?ROTTLES 7 MOV$1 ^! -PON5TS WD GET \ (
SYNC4
  ,IF T HAPP5$1 ! AIRFL[ WD 2 4RUPT$ &
9T]NAL /ALL+ WD O3UR4 ,FUEL WD      #BCE
3T9UE P\R+ "? AN 5G9E ) 9SU6I-     A#ABF
CI5T AIRFL[1 CAUS+ A SURGE OR A DETON,N
T CD BURN UP ! TURB9E BLADES4 ,"O S*
HI3UP CD REDUCE MILLIONS ( DOLL>S' WOR?
( JET 5G9E 96J S M* JUNK4 ,X 0 A T\< DE-
SIGN PRO#M4
  ,AT ! />T (! #GDG PROGRAM1 WE SOLICIT$
BIDS F ,,GE & ,PRATT & ,:ITNEY =A HI<-
BYPASS-RATIO 5G9E SUITA# = \R BIG JETL9-
]4 ,,GE RESPOND$ 0PROPOS+ 6ADAPT XS W9N+
;,C-#E 5G9E4 ,PRATT 9/1D PROPOS$ A NEW
5G9E DESIGN$ 6! BASIC P>AMET]S ( _! LOS+
BID4
  ,! ,P&,W 5G9E 0 SELECT$ AF \R ANALYSES
REV1L$ T X MET \R REQUIRE;TS & ,,GE'S
DID N4 ,LOCKHE$'S ;,C-#E ,GALAXY 0 2+
DESIGN$ =A L[ CRUISE SPE$ ( ,MA* #J.GJ1
":AS \R #GDG WD CRUISE AT AB ,MA* #J.HE4
,Z A RESULT1 WE NE$$ M ?RU/ ?AN ,,GE'S
5G9E 0 CAPA# ( DELIV]+4

,! DECI.N ( : MANUFACTUR]'S 5G9E GOES ON
A NEW AIRPLANE IS TRADI;N,Y MADE 0! CUS-
TOM]4 ,:AT ,I DIDN'T "K BACK !N 0 T ,PAN
,AM _H ON XS BO>D ( DIRECTORS A     #BCF
FELL[ :O 0 AL                      B#ABF
------------------------------------#ABG
ON ,,GE'S BO>D4 ,9 A 3FLICT ( 9T]E/1 ?
9DIVIDUAL GOT ,PAN ,AM'S BO>D 6PU% ,BOE+
H>D 6ADOPT ! ,,GE 5G9E =! #GDG4
  ,T WD H SCUTTL$ ! #GDG PROGRAM 2C \R
DATA %[$ ,,GE'S MODIFI$ ;,C-#E 5G9E WD N
ALL[ ! #GDG 6MEET XS P]=M.E -MIT;TS TO
,PAN ,AM & O!R AIRL9ES4 ,! RESULT+ AIR-
PLANE WD N H BE5 A# 6TAKE (F AT SU6I-
CI5TLY HI< GROSS WEI<TS4 ,X AL CD N H
CRUIS$ AT ,MA* #J.HE & WD N H _H SU6I-
CI5T RANGE 2C X WD H BURN$ TOO M* FUEL4
  ,I F"\ V H>D 6KEEP ! ,,GE 5G9E (F !
#GDG4 ,BOE+'S MANAGE;T DID F9,Y 5DORSE
MY RECOMM5D,N & LOCK$ 9 ! ,PRATT 5G9E4
,B ) S _M NONTE*NICAL P AT ,BOE+ FALL+
ALL OV] !MVS 6PLACATE ,PAN ,AM'S MIS-
GUID$ PU% = ,,GE 5G9ES1 ? CRITICAL DECI-
.N 0 R1*$ ONLY AF ,I'D BE5 SUBJECT$ 6A
HELL (A LOT ( /RESS & PRESSURE F 9SIDE
MY [N -PANY4
  ,AT T "T1 ,I _H NO IDEA :Y ,I 0 GETT+
S M* GRIEF4 ,RUDE -;TS R1*$ ME AB H[ UN-
COOP]ATIVE & PIGH1D$ ,I 0 2+4 ,I    #BCG
DIDN'T "K UNTIL LAT] AB ? 9CE/U-   A#ABG
\S BO>D REL,N%IP1 & ,I F.D X %OCK+ T !
DATA XF DIDN'T DET] MY CRITICS4 ,IF "O
5G9E CD D ! JOB & ANO!R CDN'T1 ! DECI.N
%D H BE5 A NO-BRA9]4 ,T RUDE AWAK5+ 0
ANO!R LESSON 9 H[ POLITICAL A MAJOR AIR-
PLANE DEVELOP;T PROGRAM C BE4 ,GR[+ UP !
SECOND "YE/ 9 A FAMILY ( FIVE V ACTIVE
*N /OOD ME 9 GD /1D1 2C ,I LE>N$ E>LY 9
LIFE 6/ICK 6MY GUNS & N DEF] BLLY 6O!RS4

,! #GDG WD 9ITI,Y C>RY #CEJ 6#CGE P &
LAT] V].NS WD C>RY M ?AN #DJJ4 ,Z ,I
3TEMPLAT$ ^! REQUIRE;TS1 ! S+LE OV]RID+
DESIGN IMP]ATIVES = ME 7 .SAFETY & .AIR-
WOR?I;S4 ,IMPORTANT Z SPE$1 OP]AT+ ECO-
NOMICS1 PASS5G] -=T1 & MA9TA9ABIL;Y MI<T
BE1 !Y & ALL O!R 3SID],NS 7 SECOND>Y TO
DELIV]+ ! SAFE/ L;G-RANGE AIRPLANE ! _W
_H YET SE54
------------------------------------#ABH
  .,SAFETY IS A BROAD & (T5 AB/RACT T]M4
,Y DON'T DESIGN SAFETY .96AN AIRPLANE2
9/1D Y DESIGN AN AIRPLANE 6H EXCELL5T
AIRWOR?I;S "*I/ICS S T A PILOT C    #BCH
H&LE X 9 GD 3DI;NS & BAD1 9CLUD+   A#ABH
^? UN=ESEEA# O3A.NS :5 DAMAGE IS SU/A9$1
OR ! AIRPLANE M/ OP]ATE 9 SEV]E ATMOS-
PH]IC 3DI;NS1 OR :5 HI<LY ADV]SE 3DI;NS
PREVAIL DUR+ TAKE(F OR L&+4 ,? 9 TURN
DICTATES A ROBU/ /RUCTURE & 5G9ES T >E
RELIA# & P[];L 5 S T MAJOR EV5TS WON'T
PUT ! AIRPLANE 96JEOP>DY4 ,! AIRPLANE M/
2 A# 6ABSORB PUNI%;T1 & AF X DOES1 XS
PILOT M/ 2 A# 6BR+ X 9 =A SAFE L&+4
  ,BOE+ HAS AN UNMAT*$ REPUT,N = DESIGN+
RU7$ AIRPLANES4 ,"O WAY X DOES ? IS BY
PRODUC+ A ..,DESIGN ,OBJECTIVES & .,CRI-
T]IA BOOK = EA* AIRPLANE TYPE X DEVEL-
OPS4 ,S"EAL HUNDR$ PAGES ( ? BOOK DETAIL
PRECISELY H[ WE 5G9E]S PLAN 6MEET OR EX-
CE$ ,,FAA REQUIRE;TS1 : >E SE5 Z ! M9I-
MUM A3EPTA# /&>D R ?AN ! DESIGN T>GET4
,? BOOK AL =MALIZES ,BOE+'S [N 9T]NAL
SAFETY REQUIRE;TS & H[ WE PLAN 6MEET !M4
,BOE+ HAS PRODUC$ ^! VOLUMES = E AIR-
PLANE TYPE F ! E>LIE/ "DS ONW>D4 ,EA*
NEW AIRPLANE BUILDS ON ! MO/ REC5T "O 2F
X & B5EFITS F "EY?+ LE>N$ UP 6T PO9T4 ,I
HELP$ DRAFT ! ..,DESIGN             #BCI
,OBJECTIVES & .,CRIT]IA BOOK =!    B#ABH
#GJG & 0 A MAJOR 3TRIBUTOR 6^? =! #GBG &
#GCG4
  ,ON ! #GDG PROGRAM1 ,I SP5T A GRT D1L
( "T E>LY ON HELP+ MY 5G9E]S DRAFT ! RE-
QUIRE;TS 6: ! #GDG WD 2 BUILT4 ,Z ! RE-
SPONSI# 5G9E]1 X 0 MY HONOR 6SIGN (F ON
! ,BOE+ ..#GDG ,DESIGN ,OBJECTIVES &
.,CRIT]IA4 ,I / H MY HI/ORIC ORIG9AL
COPY ( ? ?ICK BOOK4

,:5 WE DESIGN$ ! #GDG1 ! #GJG 0 ! MO/
ADV.ED L;G-RANGE AIRL9] 9 ! _W4 ,! #GJG
LIFT$ ! 9DU/RY 6A HI<] PLAT1U ( SAFETY
2C X SPE>H1D$ ,BOE+'S .SAFE-DESIGN .PHI-
LOSOPHY1 : REFLECT$ DECADES ( H>D-WON K4
------------------------------------#ABI
  ,"O T5ET (! ,BOE+ SAFE-DESIGN PHILOSO-
PHY IS ! IDEA ( ..NO S+LE FAILURE
.MODES4 ,9 PLA9 ,5GLI%1 ? M1NS T AIR-
PLANES % 2 DESIGN$ 9 S* A WAY T NO S+LE
SY/EM FAILURE OR /RUCTURAL FAILURE C "E
RESULT 9 CATA/ROPHIC 3SEQU;ES4 ,ANO!R
T5ET IS ! IDEA ( ..NO UN9SPECTA# LIMIT$-
LIFE ."PS4 ,9 O!R ^WS1 IF A "P      #BDJ
ISN'T ": AN AIRL9E C GET 6X 9      A#ABI
ORD] 6*ECK X1 !N X M/ 2 DESIGN$ 6LA/ !
5TIRE LIFE (! AIRPLANE4
  ,"O APPROA* WE USE 6A*IEVE SAFETY IS
.REDUNDANCY4 ,? IS ! T]M WE 5G9E]S USE
6REF] 6SAFETY 5H.E;TS A*IEV$ "? ! USE (
..BACKUP SY/EMS OR ./RUCTURES4 ,:5 A
PRIM>Y SY/EM OR /RUCTURE FAILS1 PRUD5T
DESIGN 5SURES T "! >E BACKUP SY/EMS &
LOAD PA?S AVAILA# 6TAKE OV]1 PRES]V+ !
SAFETY & 9TEGR;Y (! FLI<T4
  ,ON ! #GDG PROGRAM1 ,I DECID$ 6TAKE
REDUNDANCY 6A HI<] LEVEL4 ,MY T1M & ,I
WD 2 9TRODUC+ ! BI7E/ AIRPLANE 9 ! _W4
,"H 0 \R *.E 6AL MAKE X ! SAFE/4
  ,I'LL JUMP AH1D 6AF ! #GDG 5T]$ S]VICE
6GIVE Y A DRAMATIC EXAMPLE ( SAFETY-
5HANC+ REDUNDANCY AT "W4 ,ON ! AFN (
,JULY #CJ1 #AIGA1 ,PAN ,AM'S .,CLIPP]
.,AM]ICA--A NEW #GDG-AJJ--/RUCK APPROA*
LI<TS 2Y ! RUNWAY'S 5D AT ,SAN ,FRANCIS-
CO ,9T]N,NAL ,AIRPORT4 ,! COLLI.N TORE A
BROAD SWA? "? ! FUSELAGE "USIDE1 RIPP+
AWAY TWO MA9 L&+ GE>S & S"E+ ?REE HY-
DRAULIC SY/EMS4 ,AMAZ$ 6F9D !MVS    #BDA
/ 9 ! AIR & "U 3TROL1 ! CREW       B#ABI
DUMP$ FUEL & EVALUAT$ ! CRIPPL$ %IP'S
H&L+ 2F -+ 9 = AN EM]G5CY L&+ ON ! RE-
MA9+ :EELS4 ,! PLANE T\*$ D[N SU3ESS;LLY
& VE]$ 6A SAFE /OP 9 A GRASSY >EA4 ,Z !
PASS5G]S EVACUAT$1 ! BIG AIRL9] SETTL$
SL[LY BACK ONTO XS TAIL1 XS NOSE PO9T+
SKYW>D4
  ,! #GDG HAS F\R MA9 L&+ GE> LEGS1 & X
0 ! AFT PAIR T TORE AWAY1 S ! JET L&$ ON
XS =W>D MA9 L&+ GE>S4 ,IF T AIRPLANE'S
CREW _H TALK$ ) ,BOE+ 2F L&+1 WE WD H
ADVIS$ !M 6MOVE _! PASS5G]S =W>D 6KEEP !
C5T] ( GRAV;Y 7,,CG7 (! AIRPLANE =W>D (
^? REMA9+ GE> LEGS4
------------------------------------#ACJ
,T WD H PREV5T$ ! AIRPLANE F TILT+ BACK
ON XS RUMP :5 X CAME 6A /&/ILL4
  ,:ILE "! 7 "S 9JURIES AM;G ! PASS5G]S1
,BOE+ & ,PAN ,AM 7 ENORM\SLY ?ANK;L "! 7
NO FATALITIES4 ,BOE+ HAS ALW BUILT !
_W'S MO/ RU7$ JETL9]S--X / DOES--B 9 ?
CASE1 X 0 M ?AN RU7$;S T SAV$ ! "D--X 0
REDUNDANCY T KEPT ^? PASS5G]S SAFE4
  ,= EXAMPLE1 WE MADE ! DECI.N TO   #BDB
GIVE ! #GDG F\R SEP>ATE & 9DE-     A#ACJ
P5D5T HYDRAULIC SY/EMS4 ,BACK !N1 AIRL9-
]S G5],Y _H TWO HYDRAULIC SY/EMS1 A PRI-
M>Y &A BACKUP4 ,WE KNEW ! #GDG WD NE$ M
?AN T4 ,X WD 2 ! F/ AIRL9] 5TIRELY DE-
P5D5T ON HYDRAULIC ACTUATORS1 S9CE MUS-
CLE P[] AL"O CDN'T DEFLECT XS 3TROL SUR-
FACES IF ! 3TROL BOO/ FAIL$4
  ,WE AL 9CR1S$ REDUNDANCY 0GIV+ ! #GDG
F\R SEP>ATE MA9 L&+ GE> PO/S4 ,PREVI\S
JETL9]S _H TWO MA9 GE> PO/S4 ,? F\R-PO/
>RANGE;T 5H.ED SAFETY 0P]MITT+ SAFE L&+S
EV5 IF "O GE> LEG %E>$ AWAY 9 A COLLI.N4
,9 FACT1 SAFE L&+S WD 2 POSSI# EV5 IF
.TWO MA9 GE> LEGS TORE (F1 PROVID$ !Y 7
ON OPPOSITE SIDES (! AIRPLANE4
  ,F\R HYDRAULIC SY/EMS & F\R MA9 L&+
GE> LEGS TGR REPRES5T$ A HUGE L1P 9 RE-
DUNDANCY1 B T 0 J ! 2G9N+4 ,2C (! #GDG'S
SIZE1 WE SPLIT XS FLI<T 3TROLS 6CR1TE
9BO>D & \TBO>D ELEVATORS1 9BO>D & \TBO>D
AIL]ONS1 & AN UPP] & L[] RU4]4 ,WE MADE
DI6]5T -B9,NS ( \R F\R HYDRAULIC SY/EMS
ACTUATE ! DI6]5T HALVES ( ^! SPLIT 3TROL
SURFACES1 M9IMIZ+ ! *.E T DAMAGE1   #BDC
JAMS1 OR ! LOSS ( "S HYDRAULICS    B#ACJ
WD "E RESULT 9 A TOTAL LOSS ( 3TROLLA-
BIL;Y4
  ,L ALL JETL9]S1 ! #GDG HAS SPOIL]S ON
TOP ( XS W+S 6HELP ) LAT]AL 3TROL & PRO-
VIDE AERODYNAMIC BRAK+4 7,SPOIL]S >E ^?
H+$1 HYDRAULIC,Y ACTUAT$ PANELS Y SEE
EXT5D+ 96! SLIP/R1M47 ,! #GDG HAS S"EAL
SPOIL] SEG;TS P] W+4 ,EA* IS P[]$ 0A MIX
( HYDRAULIC SY/EMS S T IF ANY?+ JAMS OR
4A#S "S (! SEG;TS1 ! O!RS REMA9 FUNC;N-
AL4
  ,MY T1M & ,I AL 9CR1S$ REDUNDANCY 9 !
W+'S L1D+-
------------------------------------#ACA
& TRAIL+-$GE DEVICES4 ,= EXAMPLE1 WE P[-
]$ EA* W+'S 9BO>D & \TBO>D FLAPS SEPA-
RATELY S T A COLLI.N OR O!R DAMAG+ EV5T
WD N DEPRIVE ! W+ ( XS 5TIRE FLAP >EA4
,? 9CR1S$ PROSPECTS =A SAFE L&+ 0REDUC+
! POT5TIAL = AN ASYMMETRY ( DRAG SU6I-
CI5T 6ROLL ! AIRPLANE OV]4
  ,9 MY M9D1 ,I CALL$ MY T1M'S PIONE]+
EF=TS .QUADRUPLE .REDUNDANCY 7= EXAMPLE1
F\R HYDRAULIC SY/EMS1 F\R MA9 GE>   #BDD
LEGS1 F\R FLAP >RAYS1 F\R AIL]ON   A#ACA
& ELEVATOR SEG;TS74 ,:AT L$ U 6G ? R\TE8
,Z ,I ?9K BACK ON X1 ,I 2LIEVE X 0 T W9-
T] ICE /ORM ,I EXP]I;ED ON MY %IP 9 ,_W
,W> ,,II4 ,/1M+ HELP.SLY 96! TEE? ( T
/ORM & WAT*+ ICE BUILD UP ) NO OP;N B TO
PRAY WE MADE X 6PORT 2F CAPSIZ+ LEFT AN
9DELI# IMPRES.N ON ME4 ,I CAME AWAY DE-
T]M9$ 6DESIGN1 6! BE/ ( MY ABIL;Y &!
GRTE/ DEGREE HUMANLY POSSI#1 AIRPLANES T
WD N"E L1VE _! FLI<T CREWS )\T OP;NS OR
3TROL4
  ,Z WE LOCK$ ! ABV-DESCRIB$ F1TURES 96!
#GDG'S DESIGN1 ,I HE>D GRUMBL+ F \TSIDE
\R PROGRAM4 ,"S P 3SID]$ MY QUADRUPLE
REDUNDANCY A CASE ( OV]KILL4 ,!Y >GU$ T
X WD N"E 2 NE$$ & 4MISS$ X Z J S M* EX-
TRA WEI<T & -PLEX;Y4 ,?REE HYDRAULIC
SY/EMS WD H D"O ! JOB1 !Y SD4
  ,!N A YE> &A HALF AF ! #GDG 5T]$ S]V-
ICE1 ,PAN ,AM ,FLI<T #HDE _H XS 5C.T] )
^? APPROA* LI<TS AT ,,SFO1 & ALL S*
CRITICISMS ABRUPTLY /OPP$4 ,EV5 ) ?REE
HYDRAULIC SY/EMS \ ( AC;N & TWO MA9 L&+
GE>S G"O1 T #GDG L&$ SAFELY4 ,T     #BDE
EV5T %[$ U WE _H MADE ! "R DECI-   B#ACA
.NS4
  ,AT ! "T ( ,PAN ,AM'S A3ID5T1 ! _W'S
NEXT TWO WIDEBODIES--! ,D\GLAS ,,DC-#AJ
& ,LOCKHE$ ;,L-#AJAA--W]E POIS$ 65T]
AIRL9E S]VICE4 ,!Y >E BO? EXCELL5T MA-
*9ES B NEI HAS M ?AN ?REE HYDRAULIC SYS-
TEMS4
  ,! #GDG HAS BE5 9 S]VICE = WELL OV]
?REE DECADES N[ & HAS AMASS$ A SUP]B
SAFETY RECORD4 ,"! H BE5 Q A FEW M CASES
": AIRPLANES CAME HOME SAFELY DESPITE
FAILURES CAUS$ 0EXT]NAL FACTORS4 ,X'S
BE5 HI<LY GRATIFY+ 6ME 6SEE O!R
------------------------------------#ACB
-M]CIAL TRANSPORTS FOLL[+ \R L1D ) GRT]
REDUNDANCY1 AL? N ALW 6! SAME DEGREE4

,TR\# >OSE UNEXPECT$LY :5 ,BOE+'S L1D]-
%IP 3CLUD$ CORRECTLY T ! #GDG 0 TOO BIG
= U 6BUILD ALL ON \R [N4 ,?US ! HELP (
O!R ,U4,S4 & OV]S1S AEROSPACE MANUFAC-
TUR]S 0 5LI/$ 9 9DU/RIAL AGREE;TS T SUB-
3TRACT$ OR F>M$ \ ! DETAIL DESIGN & MAN-
UFACTURE ( _M #GDG "PS4 ,NOR?ROP    #BDF
WD PRODUCE MO/ (! #GDG'S BODY      A#ACB
SEC;NS1 ,GRUMMAN ! TRAIL+-$GE FLAPS1
,L+-,TEMCO-,V"\ 7,,LTV7 MAJOR "PS (! EM-
P5NAGE 7T IS1 ! TAIL SEC;N71 & S ON4
  ,? 0 A NEW WAY ( DO+ BUSI;S = ,BOE+4
,XS PROMIS$ B5EFITS 7 ON ! MANUFACTUR+
SIDE1 ": X WD YIELD -PON5TS ,BOE+ DIDN'T
H ! SPACE OR /AFF 6BUILD4 ,UN=TUNATELY1
X DIDN'T MAKE ?+S EASI] = U4 ,9 A4I;N TO
DO+ \R [N DESIGN "W1 WE N[ _H 6DEF9E ^!
SUBCONTRACT$ -PON5TS1 "W UP _! BASIC EN-
G9E]+ DESCRIP;NS1 & PROVIDE !M 6?IRD P>-
TIES 6DESIGN 9 DETAIL & PRODUCE4 ,X AL
2CAME \R RESPONSIBIL;Y 6COORD9ATE ) ^?
"PIES1 HELP+ !M :5 !Y ASK$ = X & FIX+ _!
MISTAKES AF ! FACT4
  ,_H WE BE5 GIV5 A *OICE1 ,I WD H PRE-
F]R$ 6D ! 5TIRE #GDG DESIGN IN-H\SE &
F>M \ ONLY ! MANUFACTUR+4 ,X WD H SAV$ U
! /RESSES ( PIONE]+ A NEW WAY ( DO+
BUSI;S = ,BOE+ 9 ! MID/ (A PROGRAM )A
-PRESS$ "T FRAME4
  ,! /ORY (! #GDG'S SUBCONTRACT$ 5TRY
DOORS PROVIDES A GD EXAMPLE4 ,WE DESIGN$
! #GDG ) FIVE DOORS ON ! MA9 DECK   #BDG
= NORMAL & EM]G5CY USE4 ,!Y 7      B#ACB
ALL ,TYPE ;,A D\#-WIDE DOORS1 EA* M.T+ A
D\#-WID? ESCAPE SLIDE T WD 9FLATE AUTO-
MATIC,Y IF ! DOOR 0 OP5$ 9 AN EM]G5CY4
  ,\R DESIGN PHILOSOPHY CALL$ = ALL ^!
DOORS 6OP]ATE ALIKE S T CAB9 CREWS WD N
2 3FRONT$ ) DI6]5T WAYS ( OP5+ & CLOS+
!M OR >M+ & 4ABL+ _! AUTOMATIC,Y
------------------------------------#ACC
DEPLOY+ EM]G5CY SLIDES4 ,/&>DIZ,N ( ?
SORT IS IMPORTANT = 9TUITIVE USE4
  ,UN=TUNATELY1 ?+S W5T WR;G :5 _M SUP-
PLI]S ) DI6]5T DETAIL DESIGN RESPONSI-
BILITIES TOOK DI6]5T DESIGN R\TES4
,WORSE /1 !Y F>M$ \ "S ( _! ,BOE+ "W TO
SECOND-TI] SUPPLI]S :O LIKEWISE EMPLOY$
A WIDE MIX ( DESIGN ME?ODOLOGIES4
  ,! UP%OT 0 T N "O ( ^? FIVE SIMIL>LY
SIZ$ #GDG DOORS _H XS DETAIL DESIGN P]-
=M$ 0! SAME P6 ,MY P _H PROVID$ OV]ALL
DESIGN GUID.E = S* ASPECTS Z ! TYPE (
L9KAGE1 LOCKS1 SLIDES1 & S ON2 WE ?US
EXPECT$ SIMIL> DOORS4 ,B :5 !Y 2GAN >-
RIV+1 WE 7 4MAY$ 6F9D T ^! CAB9 DOORS 7
ALL DI6]5T 9 J AB E REG>D4 ,J Z     #BDH
TR\BL+1 _M ( _! F1TURES DID N "W   A#ACC
WELL4
  ,"U MY DIREC;N1 ! 5G9E]+ DE"P;T
/RAI<T5$ \ ? 5TIRE MESS4 ,9 ! MID/ ( ?
CRISIS1 "! 7 #GDG DOORS ALL OV] ! FACTO-
RY FLOOR Z WE ID5TIFI$ *ANGES 6/&>DIZE
!M &1 ": NEC1 MAKE !M M "WA#4 ,WE _H TO
3VEY ALL ? 6\R SUPPLI]S & SEE T ! FIXES
7 P]=M$ PROP]LY4 ,X 0 A NI<TM>E T TOOK A
R1L TOLL ON MY P4
  ,I DON'T ?9K ANY PREVI\S OR SUBSEQU5T
PROGRAM AT ,BOE+ "E W5T "? T SORT (
TRAUMA1 B 9 ! 5D X ALL "W$ \4 ,& X 0 AN
IMPORTANT MILE/"O = ,BOE+ 9 T X SET A
PREC$5T =! WAY WE WD D BUSI;S 9 ! FU-
TURE4 ,! #GDG PAV$ ! WAY =! T1M+ WE DID
ON ! #GFG PROGRAM &! "PN]+ ON ! #GGG
PROGRAM4 ,! NEW #GHG W TAKE ? 9DU/RIAL
COLLABOR,N 6EV5 GRT] HEI<TS4
  ,( C\RSE1 ,JAPAN'S SUP]B AEROSPACE IN-
DU/RY PLAY$ A MAJOR DESIGN & MANUFACTUR+
ROLE 9 ! #GFG & AN EV5 BI7] "O Z RISK-
%>+ "PN]S ON ! #GGG4 ,! RESULT TD IS !
MO/ PRODUCTIVE & 5VI$ 9T]CONT95TAL 9DUS-
TRIAL COLLABOR,N 9 ! _W4 ,MO/ P     #BDI
?9K ,JAPAN & ,BOE+'S F/ 9DU/RIAL   B#ACC
COLLABOR,N 0 ON ! #GFG1 B 9 FACT X 0 ON
! #GDG1 OR R A %ORT5$ #GDG MODEL CALL$ !
#GDG;,,SP4 ,BACK 9 ! E>LY #AIGJ;S1 ,BOE+
3TRACT$ ) ,MITSUBI%I1 ,KAWASAKI1 & ,FUJI
--,JAPAN'S ?REE H1VIES--6MAKE
------------------------------------#ACD
T MODEL'S FLAPS1 SPOIL]S1 AIL]ONS1 & "PS
( XS RU4]4 ,IRONIC,Y1 X 0 ! "O MODEL (!
#GDG T ,JAPAN'S AIRL9ES N"E FLEW4

,_W ,W> ,,II & TWO DECADES AT ,BOE+ _H
TAU<T ME :AT ,I KNEW AB L1D]%IP4 ,9
LIFE1 ?\<1 "!'S ALW ROOM 6LE>N1 &! #GDG
PROGRAM 0 A GD T1*]4 ,I F.D MYF 3/ANTLY
LE>N+ L1D]%IP LESSONS T 3TRIBUT$ 6T1M _S
& HELP$ ME 2COME A BETT] MANAG]4
  ,"O S* LESSON O3URR$ E>LY "O EV5+ AF
MO/ ( MY P _H G"O HOME4 ,I _H "S?+ ,I
WANT$ ,AL ,WE2] 6SEE Z SOON Z HE CAME 9
! NEXT MORN+1 S ,I WALK$ OV] 6HIS (FICE4
,I 0 SURPRIS$ 6F9D ,AL / AT "W4 ,HE 0
POND]+ A PRO#M )! TITANIUM B1M T SUP-
PORT$ ! W+-M.T$ L&+ GE>4 ,I GAVE HM !
DATA & />T$ 6L1VE1 :5 ,I NOTIC$     #BEJ
HE SEEM$ D[N 9 ! DUMPS4 ,HE AD-    A#ACD
MITT$ T AL? HE CD SEE RESOLV+ ! DESIGN
PRO#MS HE 0 WRE/L+ )1 HE ?"\ HE 0 "W+ ON
A LOS]4
  ,X 0 LATE 9 ! EV5+4 ,MY F/ ?"\ 0 6LET
X G & J G HOME4 ,B !N X O3URR$ 6ME T IF
,AL SAW ! BIG PICTURE1 HE MI<T N 2 S
D[N1 S ,I DECID$ 6TAKE ! "T 64CUSS !
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EV5+ _H IMPORTANT                  B#ACD
------------------------------------#ACE
E6ECTS ON PROJECT MORALE4 ,! F/ 0 IMM4
;,AL 0 ! S5IOR PROJECT 5G9E] & 0 WELL
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RALE SU6]S 9 ! ABS;E ( S* K4

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ME ) ^W T ,JUAN ,TRIPPE 0 4PAT*+ ,*>LES
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------------------------------------#ACF
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& 8 EYES RE,Y %OOK ME UP4 ,PI]C+LY BLUE1
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BODY UP "! LOOK$ MY WAY4
------------------------------------#ACG
  ,! F/ ,I KNEW AB X 0 :5 A ,BOE+ VICE
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SURE CD H US$ _! HELP ) ALL ! DESIGN "W
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------------------------------------#ACH
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5TIRE FUSELAGE \ ( X AT AN A3EPTA# CO/4
------------------------------------#ACI
  ,! SAME 0 TRUE (! ,BRITI% & ,FR5*1 :O
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------------------------------------#ADC
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LION DOLL>S A ."D6                  #BFF
  ,! F9ANCIAL SITU,N ACTU,Y BE-    A#ADC
CAME S DIRE T ,BILL ,ALL5 ORD]$ ,TEX
,B\LLI\N & ,MAL ,/AMP] 6DRA/IC,Y CUT
-PANY EXP5DITURES4 ,GEORGE ,SNYD]1 !
,"EETT ,DIVI.N'S VICE PRESID5T = 5G9E]+
& MY IMM BOSS1 3VEY$ 6ME ,/AMP]'S IDEA =
FULFILL+ ,ALL5'S DESIRE3 ,I 0 6DROP
#A1JJJ 5G9E]S F MY PROGRAM6
  ,AT T PO9T ,I _H #D1EJJ P REPORT+ 6ME1
"S #B1GJJ ( :OM 7 ACTU,Y 5G9E]S4 ,! RE/
7 MANAG]S1 CL]ICAL & TE*NICAL SUPPORT P1
& S ON4 ,WE 7 N[ AT \R P1K "WLOAD1 *URN+
\ DRAW+S =! #GDG4 ,A LOT ( DEVELOP;TAL
TE/+ 0 AL 9 PROGRESS1 ID5TIFY+ ! NE$ =
RUNN+ DESIGN *ANGES1 A4+ FUR!R 6! LOAD4
,MY P 7 "W+ .EXTREMELY H>D4 ,I NE$$ E
S+LE 5G9E]4
  ,I EXPLA9$ ALL ? 6,SNYD]1 B HE HELD
FA/ & ORD]$ ME 6%[ UPP] MANAGE;T A PLAN
= DROPP+ #A1JJJ 5G9E]S4 ,AT MY REQUE/1
HE & ,I MET 6DEF9E ! GR.D RULES = ^!
DRA/IC CUTS4 ,H[ M* FUR!R CD ! S*$ULE
SLIDE1 ,I ASK$8 ,X CDN'T1 HE
------------------------------------#ADD
REPLI$4 ,!N CD WE "W M OV]"T8 ,HE   #BFG
GRUDG+LY 3C$$ T WE CD1 B X 0 A     A#ADD
M1N+.S 3CES.N2 MY P 7 ALR "W+ AB Z M*
,,OT Z 0 HUMANLY POSSI#4
  8,ALL "R10 ,I SD Z ! MEET+ BROKE UP1
8,I'LL ASK MY 5G9E]+ *IEFS 6ASSESS H[ _M
H1DS !Y C DROP AC 6^! GR.D RULES40
  ,SNYD] GAVE U F\R WEEKS 6-PLETE ? PA9-
;L EX]CISE4 ,WE 7 ONLY A WEEK &A HALF
96X :5 ,I RCVD A SU45 TELEPH"O CALL4
,BILL ,ALL5 0 H1D+ \ ( T[N =A FEW WEEKS
& WANT$ 6REVIEW \R F9D+S 2F HE LEFT4 ,I
0 TOLD 6GRAB :AT 9=M,N ,I CD & REPORT 6!
,MANAGE;T ,3TROL ,C5T] AT ,R5TON T AFN
6%[ \R PROGRESS T[>D DROPP+ ^? ?\S& 5GI-
NE]S4
  ,X 0 #AJ ,,AM & ,I 0 9 ,"EETT4 ,I
DIDN'T ?9K MY FELL[S WD H M* ( AN ANALY-
SIS D"O 0!N4 ,!Y 7 "W+ L HELL DESIGN+ !
AIRPLANE1 & ,I'M SURE ? /UDY WASN'T _!
TOP PRIOR;Y4 ,B ,I GOT HOLD ( !M1 & !Y
ALL TROOP$ OV] 6MY (FICE 6%[ ME :AT !Y
_H4
  ,Z ,I TOTAL$ UP _! PRELIM9>Y 9PUTS1 ,I
R1LIZ$ N "O ( !M _H PROPOS$ DROPP+ ANY
H1D C.T--!Y ALL NE$$ M4 ,I PRESS$   #BFH
!M H>D = 3CES.NS B !Y /UCK 0_!     B#ADD
GUNS1 EXPLA9+ H[ LATE _! DRAW+S 7 & H[
M* REMA9$ 6BE D"O4 ,I LEFT ,"EETT 3V9C$
T IF WE 7 GO+ 6MAKE ! #GDG HAPP51 WE
CDN'T DROP P4 ,HELL1 WE NE$$ M 5G9E]S1 N
FEW]6
  ,A L;G-SMOLD]+ PA?OLOGY 9 MY REPORT+
/RUCTURE 0 N[ HITT+ HOME )A V5GE.E4 ,I'D
SUSPECT$ = "S "T T ,GEORGE ,SNYD] WASN'T
-MUNICAT+ "EY?+ ,I TOLD HM 6HIS BOSS1
#GDG PROGRAM *IEF ,MAL ,/AMP]4 ,GEORGE'S
IDEA ( MANAG+ 0 N 6ROCK ! BOAT OR UPSET
^? ABV HM4 ,HE FELT T1 GIV5 "T1 ! SITU,N
WD IMPROVE4
  ,MY REL,N%IP ) ,MAL ,/AMP] 0 EQU,Y
TR\#D4 ,9 FACT1 ! :OLE PRO#M 0 T ,I
.DIDN'T H A REL,N%IP ) HM4 ,DESPITE 8 2+
9 OV]ALL *>GE (! #GDG PROGRAM & \R NEW
------------------------------------#ADE
,"EETT ,DIVI.N--9CLUD+ MY BIG "P ( X1 !
DESIGN (! #GDG--HE DIDN'T SEEM 6C>E AB
:AT ,I & MY P 7 DO+4 ,Z A RESULT1 ,/AMP]
MET ) ME 9 P]SON ONLY R>ELY 9 ! C\RSE (!
#GDG PROGRAM4
  ,/AMP] 0 A MANAGE;T WUND]K9D AT   #BFI
,G5]AL ,MOTORS 2F -+ 6,BOE+1 A     A#ADE
SUPPORT] (! >TS1 & V 9VOLV$ 9 ! LOCAL
-MUN;Y4 ,ON ! "W FRONT AT ,BOE+1 HE RE-
MA9$ UNFLAPPA# 9 ! MID/ ( CRISES4 ,9 ^?
>1S ": HE TOOK AN 9T]E/1 ?+S HAPP5$4 ,I
LOOK 6! 3/RUC;N (! #GDG PLANT AT ,"EETT
Z ! BE/ EXAMPLE1 AL? ! LION'S %>E ( GLO-
RY = T A*IEVE;T "RLY 2L;GS 6,BAYNE
,LAMB1 ! #GDG PROGRAM'S DIRECTOR ( FA-
CILITIES4
  ,MAL ,/AMP] _H ME REPORT+ 6,GEORGE
,SNYD] 9/1D ( DIRECTLY 6HM1 : WD H BE5
BETT] =! PROGRAM4 ,Z = ,/AMP]'S IDEA (
HAV+ ME DROP ^? ?\S& 5G9E]S1 ,I ?9K HE
G5U9ELY 2LIEV$ X 0 ! "R ?+ 6D1 & ,SNYD]
--= R1SONS "KN ONLY 6HMF--DIDN'T SEE FIT
6TELL HM :AT A L\SY IDEA X WAS4
  ,! /AGE 0 ?US SET = ME 6GIVE ,BOE+'S
TOP P A NA/Y SURPRISE1 &= ,SNYD] &
,/AMP] 9 "PICUL> 6BE PUBLICLY EMB>RASS$4
,2+ BLSID$ ) BAD NEWS F 2L IS "S?+ NO
MANAG] 5JOYS1 S ,I NE$$ 6GIVE !M A H1DS-
UP Z 6:AT ,I'D 2 PRES5T+ 6,BILL ,ALL5 &
-PANY4
  ,0!N X 0 #AA ,,AM4 ,I TRI$        #BGJ
GETT+ HOLD ( BO? M5 B !Y 7 TI$     B#ADE
UP 9 A HI<-LEVEL MEET+ AT ,R5TON4 ,I
ASK$ 6H F/ "O & !N ! O!R ( !M PULL$ \ TO
SP1K ) ME1 B !Y REFUS$4
  ,F ,"EETT 6,R5TON IS AB AN H\R'S DRIVE
AT ! BE/ ( "TS4 ,I PULL$ \ ( MY P>K+
SPACE A BIT AF NOON1 DROVE L A CRAZ$ ID-
IOT1 & >RIV$ AT ,R5TON A LL 2F #A ,,PM4
,5T]+ ! MEET+ ROOM \ ( BR1?1 ,I LE>N$ T
,/AMP] & ,SNYD] 7 / AT LUN*4 ,I SET \ TO
F9D !M1 DET]M9$ 6W>N !M AH1D ( "T AB :AT
,I _H 6SAY4
  ,!Y W]5'T 9 ! EXECUTIVE D9+ ROOM1 S ,I
/RODE ! HALLWAYS 9 SE>* ( !M & BUMP$ 9TO
,SNYD]4 8,HEY1 ,GEORGE10 ,I SD
------------------------------------#ADF
HA/ILY1 8,I'D BETT] %[ Y ! NUMB]S ,I'M
GO+ 6PRES5T1 2C Y'RE N GO+ 6L :AT Y'RE
GO+ 6HE>--0
  8,X'S ALM "O O'C10 ,SNYD] SNAPP$1 CUT-
T+ ME (F4 8,"!'S NO "T4 ,J GET 9 "! &
MAKE YR PRES5T,N40
  ,I WALK$ 96! W> ROOM HOP+ 6CAT* ,/AMP-
]1 B HE 0 TALK+ ) "S"O ELSE4 ,TW5TY OR
?IRTY HI<-LEVEL P _H >RIV$ &        #BGA
SETTL$ IN1 9CLUD+ ,HAL ,HAYNES1    A#ADF
! -PANY'S VICE PRESID5T ( F9.E4 ,/AMP] &
,SNYD] SAT TGR (F 6! SIDE Z IF HOP+ 6AT-
TRACT Z LL ATT5;N Z POSSI#4
  ,9 /RODE ,*AIRMAN ,BILL ,ALL5 ) BRISK
E6ICI5CY4 ,Z HE TOOK 8 S1T1 HE ANN\NC$
HE WD H 6L1VE SOON 6CAT* AN AIRPLANE4
,SETTL+ 2S HM 0 ;,T ,WILSON1 :O WD SOON
SU3E$ ,ALL5 Z ,BOE+'S *AIRMAN4 ,TEX
,B\LLI\N1 ! H1D ( -M]CIAL AIRPLANES1
JO9$ !M AT C5T] FRONT4 8,I "K ? IS PRE-
LIM9>Y10 ,BILL SD1 4P5S+ ) =MALITIES1 8B
,I'M ANXI\S 6HE> :AT Y H 6SAY1 ,JOE4 ,W
Y PL1SE SUMM>IZE = U ! #GDG SITU,N80
  ,/&+ 2F ? 9TIMIDAT+ CR[D1 ,I PUT MY F/
VIEWFOIL ON ! OV]H1D PROJECTOR4 ,VIEW-
FOILS >E ^? TRANSP>5CIES WE US$ 9 ! "DS
2F VIDEO PROJEC;N4 ,? "O %[$ U RUNN+ AB
TWO MON?S 2H ON ! REL1SE ( "S #GDG MANU-
FACTUR+ DRAW+S4 ,I DESCRIB$ ! R1SONS :Y
&! ISSUES *ALL5G+ MY DESIGN T1M4
  ,MY /ATUS UPDATE F9I%$1 ,I HESITAT$4
,! REMA9+ VIEWFOILS GOT 6! HE>T ( :Y WE
7 HAV+ T MEET+3 ^? #A1JJJ 5G9E]S ,I 0
SUPPOS$ 6DROP4                      #BGB
  ,I TOOK A BR1?4 ,TOO _M "TS      B#ADF
,I'D SE5 ,BOE+ P FAIL AT ! HELM ( AN IM-
PORTANT PROJECT OR PROGRAM4 ,!Y G5],Y 7
N FIR$ F ! -PANY B _! C>E]S N"E RECOV]$4
,9 FACT1 !Y "S"TS W5T D[NHILL PRETTY
DRAMATIC,Y4 ..,I'M 9 MY =TIES & H A LOT
( GD YE>S AH1D ( ME Z A ,BOE+ .DESIGN]1
,I ?"\4 ..X'S MY PROFES.N4 ,MY LIFE4 ,MY
HE>T & S\L >E TI$ UP 9 ! #GDG4 ,IF ,I
LOSE .X '''
  ,BILL ,ALL5'S EXPECTANT EYES DRILL$
96ME1 PRESS+ ME 63T9UE4
------------------------------------#ADG
  ,MY NEXT VIEWFOIL ITEMIZ$ ! GR.D RULES
T ,SNYD] & ,I _H AGRE$ 6=! H1D C.T RE-
DUC;N /UDY MY 5G9E]+ L1D]S 7 P]=M+4 ,:5
,I F9I%$ TALK+ AB T %EET1 ,I PUT MY F9AL
VIEWFOIL UP ON ! SCRE54
  ,VISI# 6! ROOM 0 ! FE$BACK ,I'D GA!R$
T MORN+ F ! *IEF 5G9E]S = /RUCTURES1
SY/EMS1 PROPUL.N1 AIR-3DI;N+1 PAYLOADS1
&! O!R 5G9E]+ 4CIPL9ES T 7 TGR CR1T+ !
#GDG4 ,ALL EYES FOCUS$ ON ? %EET1 : %[$
MY H1D C.T GO+ UP1 N D[N4
  8,:AT ? TELLS ME10 ,I 3CLUD$1     #BGC
/RU7L+ 6KEEP MY VOICE CALM1 8IS    A#ADG
T ,I _C GIVE UP ANY 5G9E]S4 ,9 FACT1 ,I
NE$ EI<T HUNDR$ M40
  ,! ROOM FELL SIL5T4 ;,T ,WILSON 0 ! F/
6SP1K4 8,HELL1 ,SUTT]10 HE DCLD1 8Y "K
Y'RE N GO+ 6GET ANY M 5G9E]S40
  8,I "K T1 ;,T10 ,I REPLI$4 8,I J WANT$
Y 6"K :Y WE'RE "W+ S DAMN M* OV]"T40
  ,BILL ,ALL5 RES]V$ -;T B 0 CLE>LY N
PL1S$4 8,I H A PLANE 6CAT*10 HE SD1 &
/OOD UP4 8,I'LL L1VE X ) Y10 HE SD 6;,T
,WILSON Z HE LEFT4
  ,=A FLEET+ 9/ANT1 ,I ?"\ ,ALL5 _H RE-
MOV$ HMF S T ,WILSON CD FIRE ME4 ,B NO-
BODY SPOKE A ^W4 ;,T GOT 6HIS FEET1 ASK$
,TEX 6A3OMPANY HM1 & !Y TOO WALK$ \4
,"EYBODY 2GAN L1V+4 ,NOBODY LOOK$ 9 MY
DIREC;N OR WANT$ A ?+ 6D ) ME4 ,X 0 Z IF
,I _H ! PLAGUE4 ,Z ,I GA!R$ UP MY VIEW-
FOILS1 ! ONLY P]SON 6SP1K 0 ,MAL ,/AMP]1
& T 0 ONLY 63VEY 8 EXTREME 4PL1SURE )
ME4
  ,I FELT 9T5SELY AL"O1 ) NO ALLIES AT
,BOE+1 NO SUPPORT]S1 NOBODY 6SP1K UP ON
MY 2HALF4 ,X 0 J ME4 ,& ,I _H A     #BGD
FAMILY1 A MORTGAGE1 COLLEGE EX-    B#ADG
P5SES1 A BROK5-D[N OLD C>1 & N A HELL (A
LOT ( M"OY 9 ! BANK4
  ,:Y _H ;,T ASK$ ,TEX 6A3OMPANY HM8 ,I
F.D MYF IMAG9+ _! 3V]S,N 9 ! HALL4 ,9 MY
M9D1 ;,T'S ^WS 7 "S?+ L ?3 8,MAYBE X'S
"T "SBODY ELSE TOOK OV] = ,SUTT]--HE'S
TOO "Y & HE WASN'T ! "R GUY =! JOB60
------------------------------------#ADH
  ,B ,I KNEW "! 0 NO PO9T DWELL+ ON ?+S
2Y MY 3TROL4 ,)A HELL (A LOT ( "W WAIT+
= ME 9 ,"EETT1 ,I H1D$ BACK 6MY C>4 ..,?
MAY 2 MY LA/ "D ON MY #GDG .PROGRAM1 ,I
?"\ BL1KLY DUR+ T L;G1 MIS]A# DRIVE
NOR?4

,X FELT GD 6BE BACK ) MY T1M B ! MO/
LOYAL SUPPORT1 Z ALW1 CAME F ,NANCY4 ,T
EV5+ ,I TOLD H] ALL AB X4 8,WELL1 ,JOE10
%E ASK$1 8>E Y DO+ :AT Y ?9K IS "R1 & >E
Y DO+ X 6! BE/ ( YR ABIL;Y80
  8,YES10 ,I REPLI$4
  8,X SEEMS 6ME Y'RE PROBABLY DO+ Z GD A
JOB Z ANYBODY C10 %E 3CLUD$4 8,J HANG 9
"! & TRY 6=GET X =! "T 2+4 ,GET     #BGE
YR M9D (F X 0R1D+ A BOOK OR "S?+   A#ADH
2F B$40
  ,I TOOK H] ADVICE & RESUM$ "W AT ,"E-
ETT4 ,I _H RECONCIL$ MYF 6! WAY ?+S 7
EV5 IF ,I WASN'T HAPPY AB !M4 ,MAYBE :AT
,I 0 DO+ WASN'T GD 5\<--IF T 0 :AT ,BOE+
?"\ & !Y _H "SBODY ELSE :O CD D BETT]1 S
2 X4
  ,OV] ! -+ WEEKS1 ?\<1 ,I DIDN'T HE> A
^W F ANY"O4 ,T BO!R$ ME AL? ,I RE,Y
DIDN'T EXPECT A CALL4 ,T WD H BE5 \ ( "*
= ;,T ,WILSON1 ^: /YLE 0 ALW 6LET P /EW4
,TEX ,B\LLI\N & ,I GOT AL;G FAM\SLY1 B
,TEX 0 A SALESMAN AT HE>T & DIDN'T 9S]T
HMF 965G9E]+ MATT]S4 ,/AMP] N"E -MUNI-
CAT$ ) ME AT ! BE/ ( "TS1 & ,I DIDN'T
EXPECT HM 6N[4
  ,NO NEWS 0 DEF9ITELY GD NEWS1 ,I CAME
6R1LIZE Z ! "DS PASS$4 ,S :AT IF Y NE$$
6R1D M9DS 6"K ": Y /OOD 9 ? -PANY8 ,I /
_H MY JOB Z #GDG DIRECTOR ( 5G9E]+2 T 0
ALL T MATT]$4
  ,ONLY M* LAT] DID ,I LE>N T ;,T ,WIL-
SON _H TOLD P HE ?"\ ,I 0 DO+ A GD JOB4
,APP>5TLY N "EYBODY 9 T ROOM SAW    #BGF
ME Z A MAV]ICK :O WDN'T FOLL[      B#ADH
ORD]S4
------------------------------------#ADI

,BOE+'S L1D]%IP 0 !N FOCUS$ ON ! BI7]
PICTURE1 & X 0 TRULY GRIM4 ,BU6ET$ 0EX-
T]NAL EV5TS1 ,BOE+ 0 N[ S F9ANCI,Y OV]-
EXT5D$ T XS MU%ROOM+ DEBT LOAD \T/RIPP$
XS 5TIRE /AT$ NET WOR?4
  ,9 LESS ?AN A YE>1 ! ,,SST PROGRAM _H
G"O F 9V9CI# 6A %AM#S4 ,SEEM+LY IRRE-
SOLVA# TE*NICAL HURDLES &! AIRPLANE'S
-PUT$ POOR OP]AT+ CO/S _H BR"\ T HI<-
FLY+ PROGRAM D[N 6E>? )A CRA%4 ,! ,U4,S4
GOV]N;T 0 FUND+ J #GE@3P ( ,BOE+'S EXP5-
DITURES ON ? PROGRAM1 ^: TOTAL CO/ ULTI-
MATELY BALLOON$ 64#EJJ MILLION4 ,0! "T X
5D$ 9 ,APRIL #AIGA1 ,BOE+ WD H SP5T
4#BJJ MILLION ( XS [N M"OY ON ! #BGJG4
  ,! #GBG-BJJ & #GCG 7 AL 3SUM+ ,BOE+
RES\RCES4 ,!Y _H J 5T]$ S]VICE & 7 SUP-
POS$ 6BE G5]AT+ CA% N[ T DELIV]IES 7 "U
WAY1 B ! #GCG 9 "PICUL> REQUIR$ CO/LY
5G9E]+ REVI.NS4
  ,BOE+ AL FAC$ MAJOR \TLAYS ON !   #BGG
SPACE FRONT1 ": X 0 BUILD+ !       A#ADI
MASSIVE .,SATURN .,V ,MOON BOO/] =
,PROJECT ,APOLLO4 ,& FOLL[+ ! TRAGIC
D1?S ( A/RONAUTS ,GUS ,GRISSOM1 ,ROG]
,*A6EE1 & ,$ ,:ITE 9 ! LAUN*PAD FIRE (
,JANU>Y #AIFG1 A DESP]ATE ,,NASA TURN$
QUIETLY 6,BOE+ = HELP4 ,L "S"O TRY+ TO
JU7LE TOO _M BALLS1 ! ,U4,S4 SPACE AG5CY
_H LO/ 3TROL ( MANAG+ ,AM]ICA'S RACE 6!
,MOON4 ,BILL ,ALL5 AGRE$ 6/EP 9 EV5 ?\<
! TIM+ CD N H BE5 WORSE4 ,HE APPRECIAT$
,APOLLO'S HUGE SIGNIFIC.E 6! N,N &! _W1
S HE BIT ! BULLET & S5T ,,NASA S"EAL ?\-
S& ( \R F9E/ 5G9E]+ MANAG]S4
  ,MO/ ( ^! ,BOE+ RESCU]S CAME F ! MILI-
T>Y SIDE ( ,BOE+1 B A GD _M 7 PULL$ (F !
,,SST4 ,^? ,BOE+ PROFES.NALS GOT !
,APOLLO PROGRAM /RAI<T5$ \4 ,)\T _! EF-
=TS1 ,PRESID5T ,JOHN ,F4 ,K5N$Y'S VI.N (
HUMAN 2+S WALK+ ON ! ,MOON 2F ! 5D (!
#AIFJ;S WD N H BE5 R1LIZ$4
  ,CALL$ ! ,BOE+ ,TE*NICAL ,9TEGR,N &
,EVALU,N 7,,TIE7
------------------------------------#AEJ
PROGRAM1 ? UNSUNG ,BOE+ 3TRIBU;N    #BGH
0 KEPT QUIET = DECADES 6SP>E       A#AEJ
,,NASA EMB>RASS;T4 ,5 "T HAS N[ PASS$1
?\<1 T X C 2 TALK$ AB4 ,I SUSPECT ! TEM-
POR>Y LOSS ALL AT ONCE ( S _M GD ,BOE+ P
3TRIBUT$ 6! TR\# ! ,,SST PROGRAM RAN
9TO4
  ,! UP%OT ( ALL ? 0 T "EYBODY 0 2G9N+
6LOOK 6! #GDG Z ,BOE+'S F9ANCIAL SAVIOR4
,9 ! -M]CIAL AIRPLANE BUSI;S1 Y DON'T
GET V M* M"OY :5 AIRL9ES ORD] AIRPLANES4
,!Y PUT D[N A DEPOSIT & FOLL[ UP ) P]I-
ODIC PROGRESS PAY;TS1 B X'S :5 Y ACTU,Y
DELIV] ! AIRPLANE T Y RAKE 9 ! CA%4
  ,IF ,BOE+ CD SURVIVE UNTIL ! #GDG CAME
ON L9E1 \R CA% FL[ WD TURN POSITIVE &
?+S WD />T 6GET BETT]4 ,) ? /R;G %IFT 9
?9K+1 ! -PANY SU45LY F.D XF TRU/+ .ME )
XS =TUNES4 ,X 0 A V1 V BIG RESPONSIBILI-
TY6
  ,WE 7 9 A R1L B9D4 ,WE _H 6F9I% UP &
DELIV] ! #GDG 6GET \ ( \R HOLE1 YET FI-
NANCIAL 9/ITU;NS 7 9CR1S+LY UNWILL+ 6L5D
U ! FUNDS NE$$ 6R1* T /-4TANT F9I% L9E4
  ,R1L L1D]%IP M1NS HAV+ ! C\RAGE 6D :AT
Y "K IS "R4 ,T'S :AT ,I DID :5 ,I   #BGI
REFUS$ 6DROP ^? #A1JJJ 5G9E]S F    B#AEJ
MY PROGRAM4 ,I CD H OBEY$ :AT 0 >GUABLY
A DIRECT ORD]1 B DO+ S WD ONLY H 5SUR$
MY DE"PURE D[N ! L9E1 2C ! #GDG PROGRAM
WD H FAIL$4 ,9/1D1 ,I _H /UCK 6MY GUNS &
KEPT MY /A6+ AT EXI/+ LEVELS1 : 0 "WA#4
  ,9 %ORT1 ?+S 7 DIRE B MY PROGRAM 0
ALIVE4 ,I DECID$ T ! BE/ C\RSE = "EY"O
ON MY T1M 0 63C5TRATE ON -PLET+ _! AS-
SIGN$ DUTIES4 ,WE WD TRU/ ,BOE+'S F9.E P
6SECURE ! FUNDS WE NE$$ 6GET ! #GDG 9 !
AIR4












                                    #BHJ
                   #H               #AEA
     ,,! ,,W+ ,,& ,,WEI<T ,,CRISES

,WE _H PRETTY M* F9I%$ \R #GDG AERODY-
NAMICS TE/+ :5 A CRISIS ERUPT$ OV] !
#GDG'S W+4 ,F AN AERODYNAMIC & P]=M.E
/&PO9T1 WE _H A W+ T "W$1 B \R /RUCTURES
P 2GAN GETT+ LOTS ( TR\BL+ DATA F W9D-
TUNNEL TE/+4
  ,ANALYSIS %[$ T ! \TBO>D W+ 0 C>RY+
TOO M* LOAD4 ,! PRESSURE 4TRIBU;N WASN'T
9 ! "R PLACE = ? LOAD 6BE PROP]LY SUP-
PORT$ 0! 9T]NAL /RUCTURE4 ,2C (! A3EL]-
AT$ PACE ( DEVELOP;T1 ? R1LIZ,N CAME Q
LATE 9 ! DESIGN PROCESS4 ,DRAW+S _H BE5
REL1S$ &! F/ W+ "PS 7 ACTU,Y 9 PRODUC;N
AT \R FABRIC,N FACIL;Y 9 ,AUBURN1 ,WA%+-
TON4 ,/R+]S & W+ SK9S _H ALR BE5 BUILT &
7 AB 6BE %IPP$ UP 6,"EETT4
  ,? 0 M ?AN A PRO#M2 X _H ! POT5TIAL TO
2 A %[/OPP]6 ,Z HAPP5$ M ?AN ONCE DUR+ !
#GDG'S DEVELOP;T1 ,I F.D MYF SITT+
SQU>ELY 9 ! HOT S1T4 ,B :AT 6D AB X8
;,AL ,WE2] H1D$ UP ! /RUCTURES SEC;N (
MY T1M1 & "O ( 8 P _H A SU7ES;N4    #BHA
,JIM ,HOY PROPOS$ T WE TWI/ !      A#AEA
------------------------------------#AEB
5TIRE W+ F ! ROOT \ 6! TIP 6REORI5T X BY
?REE DEGREES4 ,DO+ S1 HE TOLD U1 WD %IFT
! W+'S C5T] ( LIFT 6! PROP] PLACE ON ^?
\T] W+ PANELS = _! 9T]NAL /RUCTURE 6C>RY
! FLI<T LOADS4
  ,"H WE 7 )! F/ "PS ALR 2+ BUILT1 & P 7
TALK+ ( ?R[+ !M ALL AWAY & />T+ F
SCRAT*4 ,TWI/+ A W+ ?REE DEGREES DOESN'T
S.D L T BIG A D1L UNTIL Y R1LIZE X M1NS
REDESIGN+ ! JUNCTURE ": ! W+ & FUSELAGE
MEET4 ,CALL$ ! C5T] SEC;N1 ? D5SELY
PACK$ >EA IS /RUCTUR,Y ! MO/ IMPORTANT
"P ( ANY AIRPLANE1 M1N+ T TWI/+ ! #GDG'S
W+ WD 2 HORR5D\SLY -PLEX & EXP5SIVE4
  ,? FULL-BL[N CRISIS CAPTUR$ ! IMM AT-
T5;N ( ,BOE+'S TOP MANAGE;T4 ,AM;G ! EX-
P]TS \R L1D]%IP CALL$ ON = AN OP9ION 0
,JACK ,/E9]1 A V =CE;L & OP9IONAT$ GUY
^: EGO DEM&$ T ?+S 2 D"O 8 WAY4 ,/E9]1 (
C\RSE1 _H L$ ! #GBG & #GCG PROGRAMS1 & M
?AN A FEW P ON MY T1M FELT HE 0 IT*+ TO
GET 8 H&S ON ! #GDG Z WELL4 ,/E9] /AT$ 8
FIRM 2LIEF T \R W+ 0 UNSALVAGEA#4   #BHB
,AN 5TIRELY NEW W+ WD H 6BE DE-    A#AEB
VELOP$ =! #GDG1 HE SD4 ,BOE+'S L1D]%IP
GAVE HM ! G-AH1D 6GA!R A /AFF ( 5G9E]S &
LAY \ ? NEW W+4
  ,? 0 N AN UNUSUAL ?+ = ,BOE+'S L1D]S
6D4 ,TOP MANAGE;T FREQU5TLY 3V5ES SECOND
5G9E]+ T1MS 6ASSESS SITU,NS & TAKE OV]
IF NE$ BE4 ,/E9]'S PRES;E 9 MY CAMP 0
:AT ! -PANY REF]S 6Z AN .5G9E]+ .AUDIT4
  ,DID X BO!R ME 6H ,/E9] 9S]T HMF 9 MY
PROGRAM8 ,( C\RSE2 ,I WDN'T 2 HUMAN IF X
_HN'T4 ,:ILE ,I ADMIR$ ,JACK = 8 A3OM-
PLI%;TS1 HE CD 2 ABRASIVE 6"W )& ,I'D
*AF$ "U HM ON ! #GBG & #GCG PROGRAMS4
,N[ T ,I _H A PROGRAM ( MY [N1 ! LA/ ?+
,I WANT$ 0 6H HM %[ UP CLAIM+ HE WD
8PULL MY *E/NUTS \ (! FIRE40
  ,EV5 WORSE F MY P]SPECTIVE1 ,/E9]'S
PROPOS$ SOLU;N--AN 5TIRELY NEW W+ =!
AIRPLANE--WD D1L A FATAL BL[ 6MY
------------------------------------#AEC
T1M'S S*$ULE & BUDGET4 ,9 MY OP9ION1 GO+
8 R\TE WD H SCUTTL$ ! #GDG & PUT ,BOE+ \
( BUSI;S4
  ,/E9] MOV$ 96"O ( \R BUILD+S )    #BHC
#EJ AERONAUTICAL & /RUCTURAL EN-   A#AEC
G9E]S 9 :AT HE MELODRAMATIC,Y REF]R$ 6Z
A 8BLACK P>A*UTE -M&O OP],N40 ,2F ANY (
U KNEW ? 0 HAPP5+1 HE TOOK OV] AN AUDI-
TORIUM & _H XS S1TS REPLAC$ ) DRAFT+ TA-
#S4 ,"! 8 8TROOPS0 SET 6"W DESIGN+ A NEW
#GDG W+ F SCRAT*4
  ,I 0 N 9ITI,Y AW>E ( ANY ( ?4 ,9 FACT1
,I 0 L>GELY OBLIVI\S 6! POLITICS \TSIDE
MY IMM 5VIRON;T4 ,I KNEW ONLY T ,I _H A
JOB 6D & T X 9VOLV$ MEET+ A S*$ULE1
HOLD+ 6A BUDGET1 & A*IEV+ ! #GDG AIR-
PLANE'S PROMIS$ P]=M.E4 ,A NEW W+ SIMPLY
WASN'T AN OP;N2 WE WD H 6FIX :AT 0 WR;G
)! CURR5T W+4
  ,) ? GOAL 9 M9D1 ,I GA!R$ TGR ,"EETTE
,WEBB1 ,AL ,WE2] & 8 /RUCTURES P1 9CLUD+
,JIM ,HOY1 & O!R KEY 5G9E]S ON MY /AFF4
,I DON'T "K :E!R X 0 ,WEBB OR ,I :O F9,Y
SD1 8,WELL1 Y "K1 WE'VE GOT 65D ? W+ )A
?REE-DEGREE DI6];E 9 ORI5T,N AT ! TIP TO
%IFT ! LOADS 6! "R PLACE1 B D WE H 6TWI/
! :OLE W+ 6D T80
  ,HOPES ROSE AT ! IDEA ( L1V+ ! 9BO>D
W+ 9TACT & />T+ ! TWI/ ONLY         #BHD
\TBO>D (! \T] 5G9E NACELLES4 ,IF   B#AEC
X "W$1 X WD 2 "O T5? Z DI6ICULT & CO/LY
Z TWI/+ ! 5TIRE W+4 ,AT MY 9/IG,N1 ,JIM
,HOY P]=M$ A RUDI;T>Y ANALYSIS 6EVALUATE
! 3CEPT & F.D T TWI/+ ! \T] W+S WD ACTU-
,Y YIELD #HJ@3P 6#IJ@3P (! REQUIR$ B5E-
FIT ( TWI/+ ! 5TIRE W+4
  ,ON ! BASIS ( ? QK-&-DIRTY ASSESS;T1
,I DECID$ "R ON ! SPOT T ? 0 H[ WE WD
PROCE$4 ,MY P REDESIGN$ ! #GDG'S W+ = AN
\TBO>D TWI/1 : -PLETELY SOLV$ ! LOADS
PRO#M4 ,? EXP$I5T SOLU;N "W$ S WELL T X
GOT ! ATT5;N (! PRESS1 : LABEL$ X !
,SUTT] TWI/1 A "N X / HAS TD4
  ,"EETTE ,WEBB FELT X %D ACTU,Y 2 CALL$
! ,WEBB TWI/1
------------------------------------#AED
& MAYBE HE'S "R4 ,9 T1M 5VIRON;TS1 ID1S
(T5 O3UR 6M ?AN "O 9DIVIDUAL AT ! SAME
9/ANT4 ,! IMPORTANT ?+ IS T WE CAME UP )
A FIX T DID N -PROMISE ! AERODYNAMIC
QUALITIES ( \R EXCELL5T W+4
  ,9 RETROSPECT1 ,I ?9K ,I H&L$ ? CRISIS
PRETTY WELL4 ,I KNEW MY JOB 0 9 JEOP>DY1
B ,I 3C5TRAT$ ON "W+ ! 5G9E]+       #BHE
PRO#M & DIDN'T 3C]N MYF =A MO;T    A#AED
) POLITICS4 ,Z X TURNS \1 A HELL (A LOT
( MANEUV]+ 0 GO+ ON 6CUT ME \ (! PICTURE
& GET T O!R W+ ON ! #GDG4 ,I LE>N$ !
FULL EXT5T ( ? /ORY ONLY 9 ! E>LY
#AIIJ;S :5 R1D+ ,CLIVE ,IRV+'S SUP]B
BOOK ..,WIDE-,BODY3 ,! ,TRIUMPH (!
.#GDG4
  ,IF ,JACK ,/E9] _H -E UP )A BETT] 5GI-
NE]+ SOLU;N1 ,I'D H BE5 \ ! DOOR 2F ,I
KNEW :AT HIT ME4 ,9/1D1 8 DET]M9,N T \R
W+ 0 UNSALVAGEA# PROV$ FLAT WR;G4 ,WE
DEF9$ & IMPLE;T$ A FIX T GOT ! #GDG PRO-
GRAM BACK ON TRACK1 & ,/E9] & 8 8BLACK
P>A*UTI/S0 PACK$ UP & RETR1T$ F ! FIELD
( BATTLE4

,L ALL AIRPLANES 9 DEVELOP;T1 ! #GDG
GA9$ WEI<T DUR+ XS DESIGN4 ,-P.D+ ?
PRO#M1 WE'D TAK5 A WEI<T HIT AT ! \TSET
(! PROGRAM 0GO+ 6A V WIDE S+LE-DECK CON-
FIGUR,N 9/1D (! EXPECT$ D\#-DECK]4 ,?
ALT]NATIVE FUSELAGE CROSS SEC;N _H A
L>G] DIAMET] & MADE =A "S:AT H1VI] AIR-
PLANE4                              #BHF
  ,:5 ,I =M$ MY /UDY GR\P & 2GAN   B#AED
"W 9 ! SUMM] ( #AIFE1 WE T5TATIVELY SET
#EEJ1JJJ P.DS Z \R BIG AIRPLANE'S GROSS
WEI<T4 ,0,APRIL #AIFF &! SIGN+ (! 3TRACT
) ,PAN ,AM T LAUN*$ ! #GDG PROGRAM1 !
AIRPLANE'S PROJECT$ GROSS WEI<T 0
#FEE1JJJ P.DS4 ,A YE> LAT]1 X _H RIS5 TO
#FHJ1JJJ P.DS & 0 / CLIMB+4
  ,? WEI<T GR[? ?R1T5$ ! 5TIRE PROGRAM4
,A H1VI] AIRPLANE M1NT ,PAN ,AM & O!R
CU/OM]S WDN'T 2 A# 6C>RY Z M* REV5UE-
G5]AT+ PAYLOAD--T IS1 N UN.S ,PRATT &
------------------------------------#AEE
,:ITNEY CD -E UP )A CORRESPOND+ 9CR1SE 9
5G9E ?RU/1 & ,PRATT ALR _H XS H&S M ?AN
FULL J TRY+ 6MEET ! 9ITIAL ?RU/ T>GETS4
  ,PRATT 0 ACTU,Y 9 DIRE TR\# DEVELOP+ !
#GDG'S 5G9E4 ,HI<-BYPASS TURBOFAN TE*-
NOLOGY 0 S NEW & BALKY T ! -PANY _HN'T
EV5 SU3ESS;LLY RUN "O YET1 LET AL"O MET
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5G9ES 9 -M]CIAL S]VICE1 YET N[ X    #BHG
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?RU/6
  ,JUAN ,TRIPPE 0 P]SON,Y MONITOR+ !
PROGRESS (! #GDG4 ,3C]N$ AB XS WEI<T
GR[?1 HE SPOKE DIRECTLY ) ,BILL ,ALL54
,X 0 AGRE$ T ,TRIPPE1 8 ASSI/ANT ,SAN=D
,KAU6MAN1 ,JOHN ,BORG]1 & O!R ,PAN ,AM
(FICIALS WD -E \ 6,S1TTLE S T ,I CD
BRIEF !M ON ? ISSUE4
  ,I GOT UP & %>$ \R LATE/ DATA4 ,PULL+
NO PUN*ES1 ,I TOLD ,TRIPPE 6HIS FACE T ?
WEI<T GR[? WASN'T J A ,BOE+ PRO#M4 ,9
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T M ?AN HALF ! EXCESS WEI<T 0 ! DIRECT
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,AM1 : _H A4$ 6! EQUIP;T & AM5ITIES !Y
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_H SPECIFI$ =! #GDG'S S1T+1 PASS5G]
L\NGES1 LAVATORIES1 GALLEYS1 C>GO SYS-
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WEI<T4 8,X'S J Z M* YR PRO#M Z \RS10 ,I
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  ,MY ,BOE+ COLL1GUES1 "PICUL>LY \R
SALESPEOPLE1 7 /UNN$ T ,I'D D>$     #BHH
SAY ? 6,BOE+'S MO/ IMPORTANT       B#AEE
CU/OM]4 ,B ,I J DIDN'T "K H[ ELSE 6TACK-
LE X4 ,FACTS 7 FACTS1 & ,I NE$$ "EYBODY
6"U/& :Y \R AIRPLANE 0 H1VI] IF WE 7 TO
R1* 3S5SUS ON :AT 6D AB X4 ,F/ & =EMO/1
WE NE$$ 6AGREE ON DESIGN WEI<TS & 5G9E
?RU/4
  ,JUAN ,TRIPPE OBVI\SLY DIDN'T L :AT
HE'D HE>D B HE RES]V$ -;T4 ,NOBODY ELSE
0 HAPPY ) ME EI Z T MEET+
------------------------------------#AEF
5D$1 B ,I _H NO FE$BACK F MY MANAGE;T
SU7E/+ ,I %D D ANY?+ DI6]5TLY4 ,ON ! BA-
SIS ( T KEY MEET+1 WE REDEF9$ ! #GDG'S
TAKE(F WEI<T F #FHJ1JJJ 6#GAJ1JJJ P.DS1
: 0 CLE>LY ! "R ?+ 6D4 ,IF WE _HN'T TAK5
T PA9;L /EP 9 AGREE;T ) ,PAN ,AM1 ! AIR-
PLANE WD H /AY$ AT #FHJ1JJJ P.DS AT DE-
LIV]Y & WD N H MET XS MIS.N GOALS4
  ,X SEEMS 6ME ESS5TIAL T A PROJECT L1D]
N FIXATE ON "O DESIGN P>AMET] 6! EXCLU.N
OR DETRI;T ( O!RS4 ,AIRPLANE DESIGN IS !
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/R;G]1 ROOMI] /RUCTURE 6H\SE X1 S   #BHI
AIRPLANE WEI<T & DRAG G UP4 ,Y     A#AEF
AL NE$ M P[];L 5G9ES 6LIFT X ALL1 : M1NS
HI<] FUEL 3SUMP;N4 ,! DESIGN T1M'S JOB
IS "!=E 6DEF9E ! OPTIMAL BAL.E 2T ^! EL-
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IS SAFETY1 : IS N"E SUBJECT 6-PROMISE4
  ,!N Z N[1 MY GUID+ 2LIEF IS T Y'RE N
LIV+ UP 6! FAI? PLAC$ 9 Y IF Y DON'T
PLAY ?+S ! WAY Y SEE !M4 ,:5 Y'RE 9 A
POSI;N ( RESPONSIBIL;Y1 Y NE$ 6D :AT'S
"R4 ,9 ! AEROSPACE >5A1 IF Y DON'T H !
C\RAGE 6FACE UP 6DI6ICULT SITU,NS--& T
9CLUDES MAK+ SURE T UNWELCOME TRU?S >E
HE>D & ACT$ ON--!N Y H NO BUSI;S 2+ A
*IEF 5G9E]4

,WEI<T 0 N[ ! ISSUE T WOKE ME UP AT NI<T
9 A COLD SW1T4 ,! NUMB]S 7 -+ 9 V1 V
HI<4 ,WORSE /1 WE DIDN'T "K PRECISELY ":
WE /OOD4 ,\R EVOLV+ DESIGN 0 S DI6]5T 9
SCALE F ANY?+ ! 9DU/RY _H BUILT 2F T WE
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  ,9 AN EF=T 6SLIM ! #GDG D[N1 ,I GAVE
MY PROJECT 5G9E]S A WEI<T BUDGET & ASK$
!M 6PURSUE L[] T>GET WEI<TS ?AN     #BIJ
!Y _H BE5 -+ 9 )4 ,! S+LE 3DI;N    B#AEF
,I IMPOS$ 0 T _! SU7E/$ WEI<T CUTS CD N
2 ALL[$ 6REDUCE SAFETY & AIRWOR?I;S (!
#GDG "O IOTA4
------------------------------------#AEG
  ,I ?"\ WE 7 DO+ PRETTY WELL :5 WEI<T
AG 2CAME A FOCUS ( 3C]N ON ! "P ( UPP]
MANAGE;T4 ,? "T X WASN'T J ,BOE+ ,-M]-
CIAL ,AIRPLANES T 0 WORRI$2 X 0 ;,T
,WILSON1 PRESID5T ( ALL ,BOE+4 ;,T WOR-
RI$ T WE MI<T 2 S FOCUS$ ON GETT+ ! #GDG
\ ! DOOR T WE 7 DROPP+ ! BALL ON XS
WEI<T4 ,HE ASSEM#D A T1M ( TOP 5G9E]S &
TOLD !M 6P]=M A WEI<T AUDIT ON ! #GDG4
,? AUDIT T1M 0 /ACK$ ) HI<-P[]$ TYPES
9CLUD+ ,MAYN>D ,P5NELL1 ,BILL ,COOK1 &
,K5 ,HOLTBY4 ,MANAG+ !M 0 ,*>LES ,BREW-
/]1 A H>D-NOS$ OLD-"TR4 ,A 3FIDANT (
,WILSON'S1 ,BREW/] _H ! PRESID5T'S E> &
DIDN'T HESITATE 6USE ! P[] ? GAVE HM4
  ,RESI/+ ! TEMPT,N 6FEEL ?R1T5$ 78,HEY1
^! GUYS >E "UCUTT+ MY AUTONOMY071 ,I
*OSE 9/1D 6SEE ? MANAGE;T-IMPOS$ REVIEW
Z AN OPPORTUN;Y 78,MY T1M C C]TA9LY USE
! SCRUT9Y ( M 5G9E]S1 S LET'S       #BIA
WELCOME !M074 ,I ORD]$ MY P TO     A#AEG
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8,:AT"E ! AUDITORS NE$10 ,I TOLD !M1
8GIVE X 6!M )\T PROTE/4 ,NO MATT] H[
BUSY Y >E1 DROP "EY?+ & GET !M ! DATA !Y
WANT4 ,& :5 !Y -E BACK ) SU7ES;NS = SAV+
WEI<T1 WE'LL EVALUATE _! ID1S 6SEE :E!R
WE ?9K !Y MAKE S5SE40 ,! F9AL DECI.N1 (
C\RSE1 0 M9E Z DIRECTOR ( 5G9E]+4
  ,! 9PUTS WE RCVD F ! AUDIT T1M 7 PRET-
TY M* ! SAME ID1S MY T1M 0 -+ UP )4 ,WE
A3EPT$ ^! SU7ES;NS ) ?ANKS4 ,"! 0 ONLY
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FUS$ \ ( H&4 ,WE _H GIV5 ! #GDG A
TRIPLE-SLOTT$ FLAP 6KEEP APPROA* SPE$S
L[4 ,I FELT /R;GLY T EV5 ?\< ! >TICULAT$
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NITELY ! WAY 6G = OV]ALL SAFETY4 ,! AU-
DIT GANG 4AGRE$1 SAY+ WE %D GET RID (!
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C.T]$ T A D\#-SLOTT$ FLAP WD N MEET \R
P]=M.E GU>ANTEES = APPROA*1 L&+1 & /ALL
SPE$S1 !Y REPLI$ T ^? PROMISES %D 2 RE-
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  ,\R MO/ IMPORTANT -MIT;TS 7 TO   B#AEG
LAUN* CU/OM] ,PAN
------------------------------------#AEH
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ASK :E!R !Y WD SETTLE =A HI<] APPROA*
SPE$1 B ,BOE+ MANAGE;T TURN$ ME D[N4 ,!
AUDIT P FELT ,I 0 BIAS$ & WD N D AN 5]-
GETIC JOB ( SELL+ ? PROPOS$ *ANGE1 : 0
TRUE1 S ,MAYN>D ,P5NELL 9/1D ATT5D$ 6X
DUR+ AN ,,SST,'-RELAT$ TRIP 6,PAN ,AM 9
,NEW ,YORK4 ,MAYN>D 0 WELL RESPECT$4
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*ANGE Z WELL Z ANYBODY CD4 ,JOHN ,BORG]
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SEG;T (F1 2 MY GUE/4 ,B Y / H 6MEET !
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  ,EI<T KNOTS IS #I.B MILES P] H\R1 OR
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AM GRATE;L 6HM1 2C T TRIPLE-SLOTT$ FLAP
IS A KEY R1SON ! #GDG HAS 3SI/5TLY BE5 S
V SAFE 9 S]VICE4
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B GD CAME \ ( \R 2+ AUDIT$1 : ,I *OSE TO
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3SCI\SLY VIEW$ ? SITU,N )\T EGO1 FE>1 OR
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PRODUCTIVE D\#-T1M+1 2C "S ( ^? 5G9E]S
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IOR MANAGE;T T ! KEY R1SON WE _H A WEI<T
PRO#M 9 ! F/ PLACE 0 T WE SIMPLY DIDN'T
H 5 5G9E]S "W+ ON ! #GDG PROGRAM4


                                    #BID
                   #I               #AEI
          ,,! #GDG ,,ROLLS ,,\

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LY OV]CA/4 ,TD ,BOE+ 0 9TRODUC+ XS BIG
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! DEVELOP;T (! #GDG4
  ,I _H N BE5 ASK$ 6GIVE A TALK1 S ,I
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FELT A BIT ODD 6BE EXCLUD$1 ?\<4 ,AF
ALL1 ,/AMP] &! O!RS WDN'T H _H AN AIR-
PLANE 6TAKE B[S 9 FRONT ( IF X WASN'T =
XS DESIGN T1M4 ,B POLITICS (T5 HOLDS
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S]IAL NUMB]1 ,,RA#JJA4 ,HANG> LI<TS TW9-
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,,BOAC1 ,,TWA1 ,UNIT$1 ,LUFTHANSA1
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;,AL1 ,AM]ICAN1 ,EA/]N1 & ,,SAS4    #BIE
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ICS1 XS L9ES H A PL1S+ "R;S ( =M4
------------------------------------#AFJ
  ,AF ^! FE/IVITIES1 AN AIRCRAFT TUG
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SUN F9,Y BROKE "?1 L5D+ DRAMATIC IMPACT
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KNEW XS DIM5.NS D[N 6! 9*4 ,T F/ AIR-
PLANE 0 #BCA FEET L;G & #AIF FEET WIDE &
_H A TAIL Z TALL Z A SIX-/ORY BUILD+4
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PLANE 6%[ = ALL T M"OY WE'D BORR[$ F !M4
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O!RWISE 0 DECID$LY PREMATURE4 ,OH1 \R
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PRESS$ 0
------------------------------------#AFA
\R S*$ULE1 9 FACT1 T WE WD ACTU,Y -PLETE
! 5G9E]+ CL1NUP .DUR+ ! #GDG'S HI<LY
-PRESS$ FLI<T TE/+ & C]TIFIC,N PROGRAM4

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#GDG1 : 0 ! _W'S F/ WIDEBODY 7TW9-AISLE7
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BYPASS-RATIO FANJETS4 ,) S* SEV]E "T
PRESSURES1 X SEEM$ 6ME T ! P ON MY T1M 7
-+ UP ) NEW ID1S & 9NOV,NS ALM DAILY4
  ,NO": 0 ? TRU] ?AN 9 ! #GDG'S PASS5G]
A3OMMOD,NS4 ,NOBODY _H "E ATTEMPT$ 6DE-
F9E & 3FIGURE ! 9T]IOR (A TW9-AISLE JET-
L9] 2F1 LET AL"O "O )A CAB9 #BJ FEET
ACR4 ,X 0 S L>GE1 9 FACT1 T "S ,BOE+ &
AIRL9E P ?"\ AIRL9E PASS5G]S MI<T F9D !
#GDG .TOO BIG & OBJECT 6TRAVEL+ 9   #BIG
AN 8AERIAL CAV]N40                 A#AFA
  ,MILT ,HE9EMANN 0 RESPONSI# =! DESIGN
(! #GDG'S 9T]IOR Z WELL Z XS C>GO HOLDS
& LOAD+ SY/EMS4 ,9 A4I;N 6,MILT & 8 T1M1
WE _H ! 9VALUA# S]VICES ( ,WALT] ,DORW9
,T1GUE ,ASSOCIATES1 A PIONE]+ 9DU/RIAL
DESIGN FIRM T %>$ \R FACILITIES & "W$
CLOSELY ) U ON ! #GDG4 ,"P (! ,U4,S4 IN-
DU/RIAL DESIGN MOVE;T T >OSE 9 !
#AICJ;S1 ,T1GUE HAS L;G HELP$ ,BOE+ 0FO-
CUS+ ! IMAG9,N ( XS TAL5T$ 9DU/RIAL >T-
I/S 6FUR!R 5H.E \R AIRPLANE 9T]IORS4
  ,T1GUE HELP$ U DEF9E ! JET AGE 9 !
#AIEJ;S4 ,! 9T]IOR WE TGR DEF9$ =! #GJG
0 9 _M WAYS Z GRT A L1P =W>D Z ! AIR-
PLANE XF4 ,X 9TRODUC$ A LOT ( F1TURES T
SUBSEQU5TLY 2CAME ! 9DU/RY /&>D4 ,"O EX-
AMPLE IS ! .PASS5G] .S]VICE .UNIT
7,,PSU71 T ALL-IN-"O OV]H1D PANEL T
CLU/]S EA* S1T'S FRE% AIR \TLET1 R1D+
LAMP1 & ATT5DANT CALL BUTTON )9 EASY
R1*4 ,PLA/IC PULL-D[N W9D[ %ADES AL DE-
BUT$ ON ! #GJG1 Z DID 9TEGRAL FOLD-D[N
S1TBACK TRAYS1 FLOOR TRACKS 6ALL[ AIR-
L9ES 6*ANGE ! S1T SPAC+1 &A WIDE    #BIH
D\# S1T T SET ! 9T]N,NAL /&>D =    B#AFA
F/-CLASS -=T4
------------------------------------#AFB
  ,! #GBG & #GCG %>$ ! SAME CROSS SEC;N
Z ! #GJG & FOLL[$ XS L1D4 ,B N[ WE _H ?
HUGE NEW *ALL5GE4 ,) TWO P>ALLEL AISLES1
! #GDG 0 FUNDA;T,Y DI6]5T4 ,WE 7 />T+ )A
BLANK SLATE4
  ,FRANK ,DEL ,GIUDICE H1D$ UP ,T1GUE'S
,PUGET ,S.D T1M4 ,MILD-MANN]$1 HE 0 A GD
MANAG] &A T]RIFIC 9DU/RIAL DESIGN] ) AN
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BETT] "P ( #BJ YE>S4 ,X 0 EASY 6=GET
,FRANK "W$ =A DI6]5T EMPLOY]4
  ,/RUCTURES1 AERODYNAMICS1 PROPUL.N
SY/EMS1 COCKPIT DESIGN1 & _M O!R >1S
-PET$ = MY ATT5;N1 S ,I LET ,MILT &
,FRANK RUN )! 9T]IOR DESIGN4 ,I _H NO
D\BT !Y WD ONCE AG -E UP ) "S?+ Z REVO-
LU;N>Y Z ! AIRPLANE XF4
  ,US+ A PROCESS CALL$ HUMAN-C5T]$ DE-
SIGN1 ! 9T]IORS T1M SET AB ID5TIFY+ &
GIV+ PASS5G]S :AT !Y WANT$4 ,= />T]S1
SURVEY DATA %[$ TRAVEL]S /R;GLY PREF]
W9D[ S1TS1 YET 0DEF9I;N ! #GDG WD   #BII
(F] PROPOR;NATELY FEW] ( ^!4       A#AFB
,:AT CD 2 D"O 6(FSET ? SEEM+ 4ADVANTAGE8
,!Y DECID$ 6MOVE ! GALLEYS1 LAVATORIES1
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WALLS ": !Y'D ALW BE5 & 9/1D M.T !M 2T &
BRACKET$ 0! AISLES 6CR1TE C5T] ISL&S4 ,?
NOVEL ?9K+ SOLV$ TWO PRO#MS AT ONCE4 ,M
?AN J FREE+ UP SPACE = M W9D[ S1TS1 X
DIVID$ ! #GDG'S 9T]IOR 96FIVE PL1S+LY
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2+ 9 A CAV]N\S TUBE4 ,^! ISL&S PROVID$
=W>D WALLS E S (T5 T CD 2 US$ =! 4PLAY (
>T"W & PROJEC;N ( IN-FLI<T MOVIES4
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FAIRLY /RAI<T1 )\T ! PRON\NC$ CURVATURE
( SMALL] JETS4 ,? "*I/IC 5H.ES PASS5G]S'
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EASE4
  ,! W9D[S 9 ^! SIDEWALLS WD 2 ! SAME
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BI7] 0SETT+ !M 9 "S?+ HE CALL$ 8>*ITEC-
TURAL REV1LS40 ,SURR.D+ ! W9D[S ) ^!
WA%-LIT REV1LS CR1T$ A P]SUASIVE S5SE (
2+ 9 A B"R1
                                    #CJJ
OP51 & AIRY 5VIRON;T 9/1D (A 3F9$   #AFC
SPACE4 ,! PSY*OLOGICAL LIK+ WE HUMANS
SEEM 6H = W9D[S _H BE5 CL"ELY MET4 ,ABV
^? W9D[S ,MILT PUT ! 9DU/RY'S F/ CLOSA#
OV]H1D /[AGE -"P;TS4 ,ALL PREVI\S AIRL9-
]S _H F1TUR$ AN OP5 %ELF T 0 REF]R$ 6Z !
HAT RACK4 ,A SIGNIFICANT & "TLY 9NOV,N1
CLOSA# B9S MADE X POSSI# = PASS5G]S 6BR+
9CR1S+ AM.TS ( C>RY-ON LU7AGE ON BO>D )
!M4 ,O3A.NAL AIRPLANE 5C.T]S ) IN-FLI<T
TURBUL;E AL %[$ ! WISDOM ( CLOSA# B9S4
  ,BOE+ BUILT A #GDG 9T]IOR MOCK-UP AT A
CO/ ( 4#A MILLION4 ,A REPORT] :O T\R$ X
DU2$ X 8! ,WALDORF ,A/ORIA ) W+S10 :ILE
.,>*ITECTURE .,PLUS MAGAZ9E PROCLAIM$ X
8! MO/ 9T]E/+ BUILD+ (! DECADE40 ,MILT1
,FRANK1 & _! P US$ ? MOCK-UP 6EVALUATE &
REF9E _! ID1S1 :ILE ,BOE+ SALES & M>KET+
P US$ X 6%[ POT5TIAL CU/OM]S :AT !
#GDG'S 9T]IOR WD LOOK L4 ,ALL ? ACTIV;Y
O3URR$ 2F ! AIRPLANE "E FLEW1 S ! MOCK-
UP M ?AN PD = XF 9 PUBLIC;Y & AIRL9E OR-
D]S4
  ,! DESIGN (! #GDG 0 OV]WEI<T & WE 7
ALR TAK+ REM$IAL /EPS4 ,H["E1 ,I    #CJA
_HN'T YET LOOK$ 6! PASS5G] CAB9    A#AFC
= WEI<T CUTS4 ,I WANT$ ,MILT & ,FRANK TO
DEF9E _! 9T]IOR F/1 & ,I _H BE5 MEET+ )
!M (T5 5 6"K !Y 7 MOV+ 9 ! "R DIREC;N4
  ,ONCE _! DESIGN =! #GDG'S 9T]IOR 0
PRETTY WELL LOCK$ IN1 !Y 9VIT$ ME 6RE-
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9NOVATIVE Z ,I _H HOP$4 ,I KNEW XS PHYS-
ICAL 5VIRON;T1 SY/EMS1 & AM5ITIES WD RE-
DEF9E ! EXP]I;E ( AIR TRAVEL4
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T1M 0 "W+ V H>D ON WEI<T REDUC;N & T !Y
TOO NE$$ 6WR+ EXCESS P.DS \ (! AIRPLANE4
,_! REAC;N %[$ ME !Y DIDN'T ?9K !Y CD
%AVE TOO _M \NCES (F :AT !Y'D CREAT$4
  ,"S (! MAGIC ,I SAW 9SIDE ! MOCK-UP 0
A*IEV$ "? DI6]5T TYPES ( DIRECT & 9DI-
RECT CAB9 LI<T+4 ,:5 !Y DEMON/RAT$ ? IN-
TEGRAT$ SY/EM 6ME1 ,I ASK$ ! TOTAL WEI<T
(
------------------------------------#AFD
_! LI<T+ S*EME4 ,! FIGURE !Y QUOT$ /RUCK
ME Z EXCESSIVE4
  8,Y'VE GOT F\R LI<T+ SY/EMS 9 "H10 ,I
SD1 LOOK+ >.D4 8,LET'S TURN !M (F   #CJB
"O AT A "T & SEE :AT HAPP5S40      A#AFD
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SWIT*$ (F :ILE ! REMA9+ ?REE 7 LEFT ON4
,WE VIEW$ ! RESULTS1 & !N ,I TOLD !M : (
! F\R SY/EMS ,I ?"\ %D G4 ,X 0 ! LI<TS 9
! COVE 2T ! CEIL+ & SIDEWALLS4 ,2C ?
SY/EM RAN ! L5G? (! AIRPLANE1 XS REMOVAL
WD SAVE A LOT ( WEI<T4
  ,FRANK ,DEL ,GIUDICE MADE AN IMPAS.N$
PLEA = ME 6L1VE ?+S Z !Y W]E4 ,? CAB9
LI<T+ OBVI\SLY M1NT A GRT D1L 6HM4 ,I
/UCK 0MY DECI.N B MADE HM A PROMISE4 8,Z
? PROGRAM PROGRESSES1 ,FRANK10 ,I SD1
8WE'LL H M P[];L 5G9ES T ALL[ = HI<]
TAKE(F WEI<TS4 ,:5 T HAPP5S1 WE'LL RE9-
/ATE ? F\R? SY/EM1 B = N[ X'S \40
  ,FRANK1 AN >TI/ AT HE>T1 GOT S EMO;NAL
T A TE> RAN HELP.SLY D[N 8 *EEK4 ,I FELT
BAD AB X1 B ,I "K HE "U/OOD ! R1SONS =
MY DECI.N4 ,Z F> Z ,I "K1 T 0 ! ONLY "T
,I "E MADE "O ( MY EMPLOYEES CRY4 ,I W5T
HOME T EV5+ FEEL+ T X'S A T\< JOB HAV+
6BR+ S* D$ICAT$ P 6T PO9T4 ,WE ALL _H
/R;G FEEL+S ON ! PROGRAM EV5 IF WE
DIDN'T %[ X4 ,ABV ALL1 "EYBODY      #CJC
WANT$ 6MAKE T AIRPLANE A SU3ESS1   B#AFD
6MAKE X Z GD Z X CD POSSIBLY BE4 ,T'S :Y
WE "W$ #AJ OR #AB H\RS A "D1 SIX 6SEV5
"DS A WEEK1 P\R+ \R HE>TS & S\LS 96X4
  ,! /ORY HAS A HAPPY 5D+ 2C SOON AF !
#GDG 5T]$ S]VICE WE GOT ^? HI<]-?RU/ EN-
G9ES4 ,6BR1K ! NEWS T WE CD N[ RE9/ATE !
COVE LI<T+1 ,I TOOK ,MILT & ,FRANK 6!
MOCK-UP4 ,! F/ ?REE LI<T+ SY/EMS 7 ON1 &
,I'D >RANG$ )! SUPPORT CREW 6TURN ON !
F\R? :ILE WE 7 9SIDE4 ,! AIRPLANE B"R5$
VISIBLY1 & S DID ,FRANK1 :O IMMLY "U-
/OOD4 ,! NEWS BR"\ A GRT BIG SMILE 6HIS
FACE4 8,LET'S ALL G H A BE] & CELE-
BRATE10 HE PROPOS$4 ,N "O ( U _H ! "T1
HE 9CLUD$1 B ! ?"\ 0 PRETTY NICE4
------------------------------------#AFE

,MAL ,/AMP] FELT 8 JOB Z #GDG PROGRAM
*IEF 0 6MOTIVATE ! P 2L HM 6GET ! AIR-
PLANE D"O ON "T4 ,HE AL FIRMLY 2LIEV$ T
! #GDG DESIGN PROCESS CD 2 A3EL]AT$ "?
5H.ED MORALE4 ,ACT+ ON ^! VIEWS1 HE
LAUN*$ A MOTIV,NAL CAMPAIGN CALL$ ,!
,9CR$I#S4 ,! /> ( ? ,BOE+           #CJD
CAMPAIGN 0 ! MY?ICAL ,AM]ICAN      A#AFE
LUMB]JACK ,PAUL ,BUNYAN4
  ,AT ,/AMP]'S ORD]S1 ,BOE+ >TI/S "W$ UP
C>TOON IMAGES ( ,BUNYAN1 A GIANT1 WALK+
>.D *OPP+ D[N PRO#MS )A BIG AXE4 ,\R
,"EETT FACILITIES 7 SOON FE/OON$ ) PO/]S
& BANN]S ( ,BUNYAN4 ,HUGE FOOTPR9TS AP-
PE>$ ON ! FACTORY FLOOR 6SYMBOLIZE ! GI-
ANT /EPS WE 7 TAK+ )! #GDG4
  ,FRANKLY1 ,/AMP]'S CAMPAIGN DIDN'T SIT
WELL ) MY H>D"W+ T1M1 : _H AN ATTITUDE
,I'D DESCRIBE Z 8GET R1L OR GET \ ( MY
WAY40 ,WE 5G9E]S >E A PRAGMATIC BUN*4
,WE PLAN WELL1 EXPLICITLY =MALIZE \R JOB
REQUIRE;TS1 TRACK \R PROGRESS AG/ 9TE-
GRAT$ S*$ULES1 & G5],Y H A V CLE> TAKE
ON :AT WE C & _C A3OMPLI% 9 A GIV5 "T
FRAME ) GIV5 RES\RCES4
  ,\R MORALE 0 ALR HI< 2C WE 7 GETT+ !
JOB D"O 9 ! FACE ( ADV]S;Y4 ,!N AL;G
CAME ,/AMP]'S CAMPAIGN1 ! 9T5T ( :--"K+-
LY OR N--SEEM$ 6BE 6PU% U 6ISSUE HALF-
F9I%$ DRAW+S J 6MEET UNR1LI/IC D1DL9ES4
,X DIDN'T TAKE L;G = ,PAUL ,BUNYAN 6BE-
-E A S\RCE ( IRRIT,N4 ,MY TROOPS    #CJE
2GAN GRIP+ AB ? 9EPT CAMPAIGN1 :   B#AFE
SU7E/$ 6!M T \R S5IOR MANAGE;T DIDN'T
"U/& OR VALUE :AT !Y 7 DO+4 ,! SPECIFIC
PRO#M ) X1 ,I R1LIZ$1 0 T X REFLECT$ TWO
9SULT+ ASSUMP;NS1 "O (F5SIVE &! O!R PA-
TRONIZ+4 ,! (F5SIVE "P 0 ! IDEA T WE 7
"UP]=M+ & NE$$ 6BE MOTIVAT$ 6A*IEVE FULL
PRODUCTIV;Y4 ,! PATRONIZ+ "P1 : A4$ IN-
SULT 69JURY1 0 ,/AMP]'S APP>5T 2LIEF T
C>TOONS 7 ! WAY 6-MUNICATE ) 5G9E]S4
  ,WE 5D$ UP IGNOR+ ,PAUL ,BUNYAN4 ,!
CLUE.S LUMMOX 0 \ ( 8 ELE;T 9 ,"EETT1 A
,WA%+TON ,/ATE TIMB] T[N SU45LY
------------------------------------#AFF
AT ! =EFRONT ( -M]CIAL AVI,N4 ,X DIDN'T
MATT] H[ BIG ,BUNYAN'S AXE WAS2 HE CDN'T
CUT X 9 \R _W4
  ,/AMP]'S MOTIV,NAL CAMPAIGN DID MAKE
"O LA/+ 3TRIBU;N 6! #GDG PROGRAM1 H["E4
,X 2/[$ ^U MY #GDG T1M ! WELL-DES]V$
NICK"N 8,! ,9CR$I#S40

,9 ^? "DS1 WE DESIGN$ AIRPLANES 0PRODUC+
DRAW+S1 FABRICAT+ ! -PON5TS 7OR AT L1/
FULL-SIZE /&-9S = !M71 & FITT+      #CJF
ALL ( ? 96A .CLASS .#C .MOCK-UP4   A#AFF
,? FULL-SCALE MOCK-UP LOOK$ L ! R1L AIR-
PLANE1 AL? Y'D "S"TS SEE WOOD "H OR "!
9/1D ( METAL OR PLA/IC4
  ,\R #GDG PROGRAM CLASS #C MOCK-UP 0 AN
9VALUA# TOOL4 ,96X WE 9/ALL$ AIR-3DI;N+
DUCTS1 M.T+ BRACKETS1 WIRE RUNS1 & E S9-
GLE O!R -PON5T T WD 2 9 ! ACTUAL AIR-
PLANE4 ,? ALL[$ U 6QKLY ID5TIFY 9T]F];E
PO9TS ": TWO "PS 7 TRY+ 6O3UPY ! SAME
SPACE4 ,SEE+ "EY?+ 9 PLACE AL GAVE U
ID1S =A HO/ ( DESIGN REF9E;TS4
  ,TD1 AIRPLANES >E DIGIT,Y DESIGN$ 9
?REE DIM5.NS1 : ELIM9ATES ! NE$ =A CO/LY
PHYSICAL MOCK-UP4 ,! F/ AIRPLANE 6BE DE-
VELOP$ 9 ? MANN] 0 ! ,BOE+ #GGG1 : 0
LAUN*$ 9 ! FALL ( #AIIJ & 5T]$ S]VICE 9
MID-#AIIE4 ,-PUT]-AID$ DESIGN S(TW>E AU-
TOMATIC,Y ID5TIFIES 9T]F];ES4 ,X AL LETS
,BOE+ DESIGN]S 8FLY "?0 & VIEW ANY "P (!
AIRPLANE'S /RUCTURE4
  ,WE DID X ! OLD-FA%ION$ WAY ON ! #GDG4
,&) _M ( \R DRAW+S RUNN+ TWO MON?S LATE1
X 0 OBVI\S T \R CLASS #C MOCK-UP WASN'T
GO+ 6BE -PLET$ 9 "T 6MEET !         #CJG
PROGRAM'S /AT$ D1DL9E4             B#AFF
  ,MANAG+ ! CLASS #C MOCK-UP 0 ORD9>ILY
! TASK (! AIRPLANE'S DESIGN T1M1 : M1NT
WE %D H BE5 RUNN+ X4 ,H["E1 ,MAL ,/AMP]
APP>5TLY FELT T MY 5G9E]S & ,I 7 N 2+
A7RESSIVE 5 ON ! S*$ULE FRONT1 S HE AS-
SIGN$ ,BOB ,BATEMAN1 A CAPA# 5G9E] N ON
MY PROGRAM1 6RUN ! #GDG MOCK-UP4
  ,? PRODUC$ A PECULI> SITU,N4 ,MY 5GI-
NE]S KNEW T IF !Y
------------------------------------#AFG
7 TOO H>D-NOS$ & REFUS$ 6PUT "S?+ 9 !
MOCK-UP1 !Y WD 2 P5ALIZ$ & P]H REPLAC$4
,S !Y 9 E6ECT PRODUC$ DRAW+S ": Y CD IN-
/ALL "S?+--ANY?+--IN T MOCK-UP 6BUY "T
:ILE !Y F9I%$ ! R1L DRAW+S4 ,EA* "T A
SEC;N (! AIRPLANE 0 F9I%$1 ,BATEMAN PUT
ON AN ADMIRAL'S UNI=M & W5T UP ON ! BAL-
CONY 6R+ A BIG BELL4 ,"S"TS HE'D H U ALL
G \ & H A BIG CELEBR,N 9 ! AFN 6M>K !
O3A.N Z ANO!R BIG SEC;N (! AIRPLANE 0
8F9ALIZ$40 ,M1N:ILE1 MY 5G9E]S QUIETLY
KEPT "W+ UNTIL ^? 8F9I%$0 SEC;NS (!
CLASS #C MOCK-UP CD ACTU,Y 2 -PLET$ "?
MODIFIC,N4 ,I DON'T "K IF           #CJH
,BATEMAN & 8 T1M "E CAU<T ON 6?    A#AFG
S*$ULE PLOY4

,X 0 CLE> 6ME T ! #GDG WASN'T GO+ 6BE
R1DY 6FLY )9 ! "T FRAME ,MAL ,/AMP] &
O!R S5IOR ,BOE+ L1D]S WANT$4 ,ROLL\T _H
BE5 S*$UL$ = ,OCTOB] #AIFH1 & WE _H 5 (!
AIRPLANE D"O S T ! #GDG ACTU,Y DID ROLL
\ T MON? EV5 ?\< X 0 F> F ACTU,Y 2+ F9-
I%$4 ,=TUNATELY1 DESPITE ,PRATT & ,:IT-
NEY'S EXTREME DI6ICULTIES1 WE CAME UP )
F\R PRES5TA# 5G9ES 6HANG ON X S T X
LOOK$ -PLETE F ! \TSIDE4
  ,/AMP] DE>LY WANT$ ! #GDG 6FLY ON ,DE-
CEMB] #AG1 #AIFH4 ,T WD 2 ! SIXTY-FIF?
ANNIV]S>Y (! ,W"R BRO!RS' GRT A*IEVE;T
AT ,KITTY ,HAWK1 ,NOR? ,C>OL9A4 ,B AL?
WE 7 "W+ #AJ H\RS A "D1 #G "DS A WEEK1
,I CD SEE T "! 0 J NO WAY WE CD POSSIBLY
A3OMMODATE T DESIRE4
  ,I _H BE5 PREP>+ ,BOE+'S S5IOR MANAGE-
;T1 ,/AMP] 9CLUD$1 =! POSSIBIL;Y (A S*$-
ULE SLIDE4 ,0! SAME TOK51 ?\<1 ,I KNEW T
IF ,I /AT$ POSITIVELY T WE'D MISS X1 ,I
WD ONLY PRES5T ,/AMP] & O!RS )!     #CJI
OPPORTUN;Y 6SAY1 8,IF ,SUTT] C'T   B#AFG
PULL X (F1 WE'LL GET "SBODY :O C40 ,MY
FEEL+ ALL AL;G _H BE53 ,:Y PROVOKE A
NE$.S 3FRONT,N8 ,! AIRPLANE WD FLY :5 X
0 R1DY & T 0 T4 ,M1N"T1 DCLG UP FRONT
------------------------------------#AFH
T X CD N POSSIBLY FLY ON ! ,W"R BRO!RS'
ANNIV]S>Y WD D NO?+ B /IR UP NE$.S ATT5-
;N & TR\#4
  ,IF ,I FELT BAD AB MISS+ T D1DL9E1 X 0
ONLY 2C WE WD SOON 2 TURN+ ! #GDG OV] TO
,BOE+ ,FLI<T ,TE/1 : 0 !N L$ 0,DIX
,LOES*1 DIRECTOR ( FLI<T OP],NS = ,BOE+
,-M]CIAL ,AIRPLANES4 ,A GD FR1 ,DIX _H
JO9$ ! -PANY AT ! SAME "T ,I _H4
  ,DIX 0 OP51 FRLY1 & MODE/4 ,J TALK+ TO
HM1 Y'D N"E "K HE 0 AN EXTREMELY WELL
R1D 9TELLECTUAL )A DEGREE 9 AERONAUTICAL
5G9E]+ F ,,MIT4 ,Y AL WDN'T "K T HE _H
FL[N "?\T ,_W ,W> ,,II Z A NAVAL FI<T]
PILOT4 ,DIX WDN'T TALK AB T1 B X 0 WELL
"KN T HE _H A NUMB] ( AERIAL VICTORIES
6HIS CR$IT4 ,HE 5T]$ ! HI/ORY BOOKS :5
HE D[N$ A ,JAPANESE ,EMILY FLY+ BOAT1
SCOR+ ! F/ VICTORY = ,GRUMMAN'S     #CAJ
FAM\S ,HELLCAT FI<T]4 ,X _H BE5    A#AFH
A L;G W> = ,DIX1 :O _H BE5 %OT D[N & SE-
V]ELY W.D$ B RECOV]$ & W5T "R BACK = M4
  ,DIX ,LOES* 0 A GIFT$ TE/ PILOT & HE
RAN ,,BCA ,FLI<T ,OP],NS E6ECTIVELY4 ,HE
AGRE$ ) ME T ATTEMPT+ 6FLY ! ,BOE+ #GDG
2F X 0 R1DY WD CAUSE NO?+ B H1DA*ES &
FRU/R,N4 ,UNLIKE ME1 ?\<1 ,DIX FELT
/R;GLY T ,BOE+'S L1D]%IP M/ 2 MADE AW>E
T ! F/ FLI<T CD N POSSIBLY TAKE PLACE ON
,DECEMB] #AG4 ,:5 ,DIX GOT A CAMPAIGN
GO+ 6? E6ECT1 HE F.D HE _H UN9T5;N,Y
CROSS$ SWORDS ) ,MAL ,/AMP]4 ,/AMP] RE-
FUS$ 62LIEVE 8 M&AT$ S*$ULE 0 UN"WA#1 &
HE TOOK SIGNIFICANT EXCEP;N 6,DIX'S SAY+
S4 ,DIX ULTIMATELY LEFT ,FLI<T ,TE/1 &
,I C'T HELP B SUSPECT T "P (! R1SON = 8
DE"PURE 0 T HE F"\ ,/AMP] TOO H>D OV] ?
ISSUE4
  ,:5 ,DECEMB] #AG1 #AIFH1 ROLL$ >.D1
,,RA#JJA 0 9 ! PA9T HANG> ) "PS /REWN
ALL >.D ! FLOOR AWAIT+ 9/ALL,N4 ,T "D1
WE RAN SAFETY *ECKS ON H] L&+ GE>1 FLI<T
3TROLS1 & O!R SY/EMS4 ,/AMP] 0 BITT]LY
4APPO9T$4 ,I DON'T ?9K HE "E        #CAA
=GAVE ME = MISS+ 8 *OS5 F/-FLI<T   B#AFH
DATE1 B X 0 UNAVOIDA#4
  ,2LIEV+ ! #GDG WD FLY ON ! SIXTY-FIF?
ANNIV]S>Y (! 9V5;N (! AIRPLANE1 ,/AMP]
_H ORD]$ A L>GE NUMB] (
------------------------------------#AFI
MODELS BUILT (! ,W"R #AIJC ,FLY]4 ,^!
MODELS _H A W+SPAN ( AB #AJ 9*ES & 7 EX-
TREMELY 9TRICATE & PRETTY4 ,/AMP] PLANN$
6PRES5T !M Z #GDG F/-FLI<T ME;TOS 6,BOE-
+'S S5IOR L1D]S & DIRECTORS1 Z WELL Z TO
AIRL9E EXECUTIVES & O!R ,,VIP'S4
  ,I DIDN'T "K ANY ( ?1 ( C\RSE4 ,I AL
DIDN'T APPRECIATE H[ BADLY ,MAL ,/AMP]
WANT$ U 6MEET 8 DECREE T ! AIRPLANE FLY
ON ,DECEMB] #AG4 ,T IS1 N UNTIL ! FOLL[+
,MAY :5 ,I RCVD A CALL F ,/AMP]'S (FICE
SAY+ HE WANT$ 6SEE ME "R AWAY4 ,"O-ON-"O
MEET+S ) ,/AMP] 7 DEF9ITELY N ! NORM4
,MY LIMIT$ -MUNIC,N ) HM 0 ALW "? ! FIL-
T] ( ,GEORGE ,SNYD]1 ! ,"EETT ,DIVI.N'S
5G9E]+ ,,VP4 ,X 0 LATE 9 ! "D & ,I 0
GETT+ R1DY 6G HOME :5 ? SUMMONS CAME4
,:Y DID ,/AMP] WANT 6SEE ME8 ,I WOND]$4
,I RU%$ OV] 6HIS (FICE & F.D HM     #CAB
S1T$ 2H 8 DESK4                    A#AFI
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